India on The Move Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

India on The Move - Essay pillowcaseWhile this was attempted to be addressed through the, highly unpopular, forced sterilization program in the regime of Indira Gandhi during the emergency years attention seems to have fallen by the wayside. The population continues to grow at a rate of 1.5% and India is expected to cross China by 2018. This is the result of higher birth rates pair with increased life expectancy. At the root of the problem, however, lie poor literacy levels. Growth of the economy, to a large extent, is negated by the population rise and the number (and percentage) of people living below the poverty line continues to be at a staggering level of 44% of the population.The unemployment levels are also consistently high. With the unofficial figures estimating these to be above the 20% mark this indicates a lack of balanced growth. Since agriculture provides sustenance for more than 72% of the population, it seems obvious that this sector of the economy has been neglec ted at the cost of modernization in the more visible sectors want IT, manufacturing industry and services.Fractured and regionalized politics is perhaps the next biggest problem facing the country.

Editing Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Editing Research Paper - Essay causaThe onset of the so-called global village has necessitated the need for students to acquire an inter subjectistic experience, so as to be able to function as c atomic number 18er men and women in a world that is rapidly suitable more and more interlinked. The notion of a global perspective has replaced the old global dream of a world order. The global village perspective emphasizes interdependence among all the nations of the world. Numerous new concepts serve as evidence of international interdependence that todays students cannot avoid. These include the competitive pressures that have resulted due to globalisation of economies, the linguistic and cultural challenges encountered in international business, the massive impact of 9/11 that the world feels to this day, international environmental challenges such as the negative ecological effect of global warming, and technologically facilitated telephonic and net income communications. Since th e end of the Second World War, interactions and activities that essentially took place within the borders of a single state are increasingly taking place across national boundaries. Examples include business relationships, employment, professional associations, and family and social connections. This ongoing process of globalization has presented new pressures to individuals to competently engage in the free flow of commerce, communication, and ideas across national boundaries. To this effect, perusing abroad serves as a way of preparing students to function effectively in this globalized society (Williamson 28-32). The advantages of studying abroad outweigh the disadvantages. The world is becoming increasingly globalized therefore, studying in a foreign countrified is beneficial because it enables students to learn new languages and cultures, obtain exposure which widens their level of thinking, and learn to

GLOBAL IMPACT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

GLOBAL equal - Essay ExampleThese segments include the US, Europe, Asia-Pacific region, Middle East, Africa, Canada, and Latin America (McDonalds, 2014). Thus, tourists to other nations, as well as within a country can procure McDonalds products in a number of locations.In the year 1948, the first McDonalds was commenced in San Bernardino, California. The owners Mac and Dick McDonald entered into a franchise agreement with cock Kroc, in the year 1954. After a year had elapsed, Kroc started his first restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois. Kroc be to be highly enterprising, and by the year 1957, he established 14 McDonalds restaurants in California, Indiana, and Illinois. Finally, in the year 1961, Kroc acquired McDonalds from Dick and Mac for $2.7 million (Research and Markets SWOT & PEST Analysis of McDonalds and Profiles of their Competitors Burger King and Yum, 2008).Additionally, McDonalds is distinguished by its Golden Arches, and these made their debut in the year 1962. In the very very(prenominal) year, this distinguished company sold its billionth burger. In the year 1963, Ronald McDonald came to the fore, and McDonalds brought in its first revolutionary item, namely the Filet-O-Fish. This company became a public company in the year 1965, and commenced to advertize its products on the television. In the year 1967, McDonalds commenced operations abroad, and this was in Canada. The bouffant Mac was made a part of its menu, in the year 1968, and in that year it opened its 1,000th restaurant (Research and Markets SWOT & PEST Analysis of McDonalds and Profiles of their Competitors Burger King and Yum, 2008). The Big Mac and the McDonalds Golden Arches are well recognized across the globe. Their services offer delicious fast food items and soft drinks to the populace.The annual expansion of McDonalds, in the 1970s, was approximately 500 restaurants. The advent of the Ronald McDonald House, which provided ephemeral residence

Audi and Its Communication Strategy in UK Essay

Audi and Its Communication Strategy in UK - Essay ExampleThe marketing parley of the community is unspeakable and this is evident from the well established brand name of the company. In this report we will discuss the dialogue strategy of Audi in unify ground in detail. We will first briefly discuss the recital of the company in United Kingdom. In the end we will comment on the efficacy of the communication strategy of the company in UK market alongside with some recommendations. Audi A Brief History Audi AG is a German car manufacturer that builds a wide range of automobiles from super mini cars to SUVs. The company has a large global presence as it is op dateting in Europe, India, Brazil, and China (Audi Website, 2012). Audi has its headquarters in Germany and the company is the wholly owned subsidiary of Volkswagen AG. Volkswagen markets Audi as its grant brand for the upper income group market. The bill of the company dates back to the 19th century when it was founded b y August Horch (Audi Website, 2012). The first Audi car came out in 1909 and since then the company has not stopped. In 1964 it was purchased by the automobile giant Volkswagen which marks the new era in the history of the company. ... Audi in United Kingdom The operations of the company in United Kingdom are going extremely well. The company is growing in the country at a salient ill-use and is pushing well known brands like BMW and Toyota behind. In 2011 Audi became the market leader in the support cars segment of UK leaving behind the giant BMW (Cars Pages UK, 2011). From 2010 to 2011 the sales of Audi in the UK increased by 27.9 percent (2011) and this shows the pace of growth of the company. Seeing such growth the company is planning o introduce new models in the United Kingdom market to tap the potential offered by the UK market. It is amazing to see a premium car brand growing at such a great pace even in the times of recession and this depicts the brand value of the compa ny. Communication Strategy of Audi in United Kingdom The marketing strategy of Audi has been greatly successful in the country because it has made Audi a market leader in its premium segment. In this section we will attempt to understand the marketing strategy of Audi in United Kingdom using different marketing theories. Audi derives its brand value from its rich history that expands over threesome centuries. The company uses it history as a mark of respect to show the world that it is a formidable force in the automobile industry. Audi uses its legacy to attract customers and build trust of customers on its products. The company collective tagline is Vorsprung durch Technik meaning progress through technology (Audi Website, 2012). This shows that the company communicates itself as a brand that focuses on founding in technology. The products of the company also follow this tag line as they are mostly a pioneer in their own respective size ranges. The use of this tagline is mainl y to communicate

Civil Right Act Of 1968 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Civil Right Act Of 1968 - sample ExampleBefore the civil rights era, the situations regarding the racial discrimination were very worse. White race was considered supreme and clear Americans have the power to consider the black (Afro-Americans) as the underprivileged race. There was no equal fostering of the Black Americans, no equal employment, no equal housing. Black people were unable to buy a home even if they have the money to buy it. For this reason, black Americans demanded equal rights as that of the White Americans. decorous housing come was one of the demands that were debated and signed in 1968.Senator Edward Brooke of Massachusetts was the first African-American ever choose to Senate. He was unable to buy a home due to his race. After that issue, the fair housing wager was debated in the Senate strongly. Senate Leader, Everett Dirksen, strongly supported the bill in the senate. It was thought at the earlier stage that the nominate of Representative would not gain a higher ratio of votes. However, the House of Representatives evanesceed the bill due to urban unrest and militancy of African Americans movements.On 4th April 1968, civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated and African Americans movements played part in riots, burning and looting in most cities. President Lyndon B. Johnson emphasized to pass the new civil rights bill to cool down the African Americans movements. On April 10, the fair housing act was passed and signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to become a law the very next day.

The Role of Corporations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The occasion of Corporations - Essay ExampleThe main aim of an presidency can be anything ranging from put on to gaining market sh atomic number 18, exclusively the way it achieves this goal matters a lot. There are certain responsibilities and obligations that the brass instrument has towards various groups and situations. It may be impossible to discuss every respectable obligation to a corporation because there are so many. These range from production of bad goods like tobacco to treating the employees fairly.Mark Pastin in his book, The Hard Problems of Management Gaining the morals Edge, has attempted to summarize this by providing four principles for that are necessary in outrank for an organization to be honorable. The organization must(prenominal) interact with all stakeholders without problems, so that these groups feel that they are a part of the organization. Secondly, the organization must be very critical about fairness. This implies to everyone involved in or with the organization. It must be fair to its employees, competitors, shareholders, clients etc. Everyone in this organization must be responsible for his own actions. Lastly, the organization must operate in a way which willing ensure that its environment does not suffer. (Carter McNamara, 1997)Doug Wallace also gave hexad characteristics that are necessary for an organization in order for it to be ethical in its physical exertions. His characteristics have a lot to do with integrity. Firstly, everyone in the organization must realize the importance of integrity and apply it in its practice. The top management must be responsible for creating this vision of integrity. Thirdly, this vision of integrity must be applied in the way every member of the organization is rewarded. Every policy and practice must be associated with integrity. Every management decision must also be made after considering the ethical dimension. Lastly, the stakeholders in the organization might have conflic t of interest and an ethical organization must summon a way to solve these conflicts with integrity. (Carter McNamara, 1997)The Need for Appropriate Actions Following a code of ethic will definitely have a positive effect on the organization. It gives a good impression of the organization where ethics and value are of the utmost importance. It gives employees the impression that the organization is serious about meeting ethical standards. This promotes values amongst them. According to the National Association of Social Workers, the purpose of code of ethics is to categorize the values of what their work is based on, it also uses its ethical standards to guide how the business should be carried out, it also guides those that are cutting to the profession, and lastly, it tells the public who to hold accountable. (NASW, 2008) Ethical management practice does not mean that the corporation will profit financially, because more than that, it will benefit in terms of honesty and fair de aling. Ethical management practice also annexs productivity. The employees of a company are a very important part. When they start to believe that they are being treated fairly, they will be positively affected and hence, they will be motivated to increase productivity. It also positively affects how the suppliers, consumers, government and various other outside groups see the company. (Answers.com, 2008)The Optimal Ethical, Decision-Making Processes In order to

Torts Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Torts Law - Essay Examplecondition of the fishing equipment, the avail provider brushed it away in a casual manner saying no untoward incident had happened in the chivalric 25 years generally without paying attention to the particular boat and equipment. It is not the case of the service provider that even if the fishing equipment had been in good condition, the accident could not have been averted given the circumstance hooking of such a huge fish is capable of leading to such an eventuality as not a foreticuloendothelial systemeeable stake and presence of tuna fish in that coastal domain of a function is a rare phenomenon. Hence the Family Friendly Vessels owner is clearly responsible for the injuries suffered by Mickeys wife June and his daughter Gina. Lord Atkin in Donoghue v Stevenson1 (1932) laid down that in tortious liability cod to negligence, the above requirements of duty of care, breach of that duty and loss and damage due to that breach should be met. In fact Dono ghue case gives liberty to proceed against those who are not privy(p) to the contract unlike in the present case wherein there was definitely a contract that existed amid Family Friendly Fishing and the Mickey family. Hence it is all the more appropriate to hold the vessel owner directly liable to June and Gina for loss they have suffered. This principle laid down in Donohue v Stevenson was adopt in Australia in Grant v Australian Knitting Mills and Another.2, though both were from the theatre of Lords. The Family Friendly Fishing can not avoid the damages under the pretext of the inherent risk involved in such dangerous sports because, but for the defect this mishap would not have occurred. The res ipsa loquitur doctrine can not come to the rescue of Family Friendly Fishing. The doctrine is understood as misrepresent by the defendant manufacturer during the process of manufacture was sufficient, once the plaintiff has eliminated himself and other extraneous forces as likely ca uses of the disgrace3 They had the duty of

Marketing Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing Report - Case Study ensampleTherefore, the recommendations are made considering the major identified attributes for the business success.The methods used to evaluate the market strategies include conundrum shopping, which is also referred to as the identification of critical incident practically. Therefore, the direct observations are used for the evaluation of marketing strategy to identify the utilization of key marketing elementsThe report and analysis is based on the hypothesis that one metre live experience is useful for the generalization of marketing strategy. The limitation is the limited time frame to analyze the marketing strategy using only the experience of Singapore based Popeye wimp restaurant, which is very small part of the international food scope.The report analyzes the marketing strategy of Popeye. The Popeye is an American chain of fast food and the chain was founded in the year 1972. Popeye was initially established in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Popeye is noted with the name of Popeye Louisiana. It is often referred to as Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits. Another name of Popeye is Popeye Chicken and Seafood. After a span of around 19 years Popeye was acquired by US based chicken company named as AFC Enterprises (Smith, 2006). The Popeye has completed its 2000 franchises in all over the world. During the mid of 2014, Popeye claimed that it has re acquired full control of its seasoning.The major factors that match the operations of the Popeye business include the quality of food, variety of food, prices and serving time. The two main forces that may guess the firms ability to serve its customers are the combative prices and attractive ambience along with wide-cut food. In the marketing language these two forces have the implications that low price may reduce the competitive pressure on the company. Secondly, good ambience along with good food may

Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Technology in Intelligent Buildings & Research Paper

Hyper ghostlike irrelevant Sensing Technology in expert Buildings & Engineering - Research Paper ExampleIn Intelligent Buildings & Engineering, Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Technology is primarily being used to provide an effective means of supervise and analysis of various real-time data that can help enhance the operational efficiency and wither costs and energy expenses of smart buildings thereby making them to be more comfortable, safe, and healthy as tumefy as enhance the productivity of the occupants. Unlike multispectral imaging which normally deals with numerous images at discrete, narrow bands, Hyperspectral unlike spotting is primarily based on narrow spectral bands produced over a continuous spectral range. This is critically all important(predicate) as it makes the images more detailed. One of the areas of intelligent building and engineering where hyoerspectral remote sensing imaging can be used is to make buildings safer and more comfortable by providing reliabl e geologic and rock information, seismic and environmental data regarding the construction sites prior to the commencement of the construction of the buildings. Generally, this is critically important in helping choose the appropriate building and engineering project designs as well as materials that best fit a particular geographical area.

Marketing & Sales for Dreamworld theme park Assignment

Marketing & Sales for Dreamworld theme park - concession ExampleThe Australia-based wildlife experience offers guests with an opportunity of cuddling the koalas, feeding kangaroos and drawing near to the crocodiles along with the Tiger Island beingness home to two cougars, eight Sumatran tigers and Bengal tigers charged with the duty to entertain guests alongside the trainers. Moreover, the company includes fun facilities like the Australia Animal Facility which takes place on a day-to-day routine therein (James induce University of North Queensland & National Centre for Studies in Travel & tourism, 1990). Furthermore, the company organizes for annual events like New categorys Eve amp for adults and the ultimate singles day often scheduled for February thirteenth every year.For a while, brand has proved to be a crucial tool in Dreamworld. For the prehistoric 5-8 years, the company has embraced strategies aimed at associating the company with brands with different appeals and ca pable of remaining relevant event in warmheartedness of varied demographic segments. To this end, the company has remained committed to improving its attractions and growing further whilst keeping up with the invoke of being a top-edge draws within the big Gold Coast.From 1981, the company has been able to develop individualized customer experiences by integrating products and customer initiatives in drift to benefit both local and international guests (Australian Tourism and Hospitality Research Conference& Australia, 1990). Besides, the company offers support to local cultures and communities by sponsoring and taking part in charity organizations. The two cases present opportunities that Dreamworld could use to channel promotional messages to its bespeak clients in order to increase its customer base along with the revenue stream (Parsons, 2002). Also, the Company has more opportunities to improve its target customers. More specifically, the company should diversify its custo mer base to encompass

Investment Bank Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Investment brim Analysis - Research Paper ExampleThe job potential in Vancouver is not at all(prenominal) impressive. Total 12, 530 people are working as business professional in Vancouver. 33% of total business graduated employees in Vancouver have managed career related employment.Major of the business graduates in Vancouver are getting employment either in government sector or in public expressage firms.As per the interest in equity seek analysis the average salary for equity research associate in Vancouver is $75,000 per annum. (b)RegulationThe main advantage of being a part of a union is a student can be represented locally and nationally. Many students who stay away from home for the persona of higher studies, the member of union can supporter them in every major and minor incident. still being a part of union a student can achieve social standoff by the other members. Last but not the least the union can actually help the graduates to place the members in various com panies.Salary information of other employees should not be disclose to the prospective employees who has newly appointed in organizations as it is the personal matter of individuals and confidential matter of organization.Job guard legislation is required to exist in the firm in the competitive business market.The professional connexion may purport after the basic employment needs according to the business priorities. They have to look after the promotions of employees according to the performance. Moreover the employees should be informed of the job roles and performance expectations. These monitoring activities will comfort the employment right in organizations.

Economic Transition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Transition - Essay grammatical caseIn addition, trade barriers are being lifted, the export portfolio is diversifying from oil to other products, and market forces are uphill as strong determinant of price and demand. The reasons behind this shift have their roots in the lessons, which the Saudi policy makers learnt from the crisis and recessions of 1980s due to fluctuations in the oil prices. Since then, slowly and gradually, the Saudi government has been trying to sanction the oil sector and create a reliable banking system, which could provide credit facilities to the new foreign and domesticated investors. Important here to understand that this transition is not accomplished yet it is had some impacts on the macroenvironment. or else than controlling the country based on the feedback on family members and a few friends, the King has gone on to create a cabinet of ministers, which are experts of economic and financial affairs for policy making and suggestions. The e stablishment has witnessed some retaliation from the side of the religious experts of the country because it is hard for them to digest that how can an Islamic well-being state adopt the western capitalistic policies but the administration has appeared firm on its decision to complete this smooth transition by the end of this decade (Ramady, 2010).

Disscusion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disscusion - Assignment showcaseWhat started out as movement concerned with federal official government spending, the Tea Party quickly grew into a group totally dissatisfied with the federal government. The hatred and animosity this group shows the federal government is confusing. The federal government is made up of people elected on a state level. Why detest something you helped to create?Another part of the Tea Party I do not understand is Sarah Palin. If she was efficient I might understand her appeal. However she writes notes on her hands, misquotes facts, and generally misspeaks. This is not a gender issue. Women wish well Condoleezza Rice or Hilary Clinton can talk politics and issues every day, tho Palin seems to be out of her league. A good politician should be able to hold their own in an open forum. Palin cannot even influence this simple task.I did agree with the vote not to legalize marijuana. Medicinal marijuana is one thing, but legalization is another. Drugs ne ed to be fought in a different manner than legalizing them. I was also cheerful with the race for governor in Oklahoma. Mary Fallin versus Jeri Askins made history. Oklahoma had to elect their first woman governor. This is a great step toward progress. Although I do not agree with Fallins politics, I am gay that gender does not matter in politics

Coffee Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Coffee - Case Study ExampleThe quantity of output that is belike to be produced in a cartel depends on the strength and stability of the cartel. For instance, if the cartel decides to act as a monopoly then it has absolute authority over either its members. The following graph shows the output and wrong in case of a cartel arrangement (Dwivedi, 2009).The summation of individual borderline embody curves provides the marginal cost curve for the industry as a whole and the intersection of the marginal revenue and cost curves determines the equilibrium level of output and price. Once the industry has been determined then the individual firms ascertains their own level of output by matching their own marginal cost curves to the profit-maximizing level.Cartels confuse been banned in a number of developed countries like the U.S.A. on account of the negative impacts it has on the consumers (Marshall and Marx, 2012). In more cases it has been observed that the cartel members hide price s, charge unreasonable price and artificially constrict output and all of these reduces the welfargon of the consumer. Consumers can also lose confidence in the business as cartels have been generally associated with the negative sentiments. In most of the cases the business enterprises which atomic number 18 not a part of the cartel are often eliminated from the business and this in turn affects the overall effectiveness of the economy as a whole. administration of cartels has been associated with the reduction of the innovation and economic efficiency. Governments and economists of various countries thinks that cartels are ineffective because unproductive members take refuge to the cartels and are not bothered to improve their performance (Grossman, 2004). It has also been found that cartel members often discourage the submission of new entrants into the market and this in turn restricts the chances of economic growth and job prospects for many. In many cases the cartels have been held responsible

Brief synopsis of research proposal - NGOs in Saudi Arabia; Essay

Brief synopsis of research proposal - NGOs in Saudi Arabia Strategies, Development and merchandising Management - Essay ExampleKnown in its all forms as the non-profit, nongovernmental, voluntary, civil society, third, or commutative sector, this set of institutions includes within it a new bewildering array of entities brought by the younger generation of today, who have normally studied abroad.Furthermore, the least contribution of Saudi citizen in political sphere is to be involved in the non-profit sector. The governments openness towards the political contribution of citizens is allowed through the involvement in third sector. Therefore, Saudi elite have entered in the so-called civil society in its mere concept take over from any political implications. This has created a conflict among the society, whether to accept the terminology or to change to other linguistic process to be more appropriate culturally and religiously. Despite the division in deciding the name by which it shall be called, majority have agreed on the lofty goal behind the concept in its social dimension -the act of kindness.In the past few decade numbers of non-profit organizations were established in Saudi, these coherent organizations had built a strong relationship with the state. Their activities are mostly based on the benignity and socio- religious developments. With the impact of modernization, the well-known traditional groups were bound to fade under its influence, followed by the emergence of a new group of educated Middle Class advocating political agenda. This has created a sort of threat and mental confusion within the government. New boundaries had to be established to deal with the new language without raising conflicts. In contrast, face from a positive side through the lens of development, modernization brought new concepts to the realm of the third sector. Insofar, it has been considered a good turning point the misconceptions of new ideologies

New Venure Creation Exam Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New Venure Creation test Questions - Assignment ExampleAdapting to change it can be much to a greater extent adaptable to adjustment than well-favoredger and more compound organizations. Because of this, SMEs questionably have a better opportunity of enduring difficult sparing states and they are quicker at recovering from crises. In defeating the declines, these companies are able to exploit and encourage competition, which is decisive for putting the present economic lethargy behind. Such adaptability in turn brings more equilibrium to the economic teaching of the UK and warrants that local communities partake in stimulating development (Blackburn, 2012).Partnership with larger businesses Even though these two key benefits in the current climate, one of the main obstacles to achievement for SMEs is a weakness in linking and partnering with big businesses. A couple of years ago, small business proprietors felt deserted by the UK regime barely this state is gradually changing. A support from firms like Fujitsu meant that small businesses would interchange skills and receive mentoring and management from more skilled players. Many of these firms begin as small, start-up initiatives - limited people with great ideas and the ambition to understand them, whose symbols are now internationally recognized. Small businesses comprises 99 per cent of all firms in the UK and can be authentic initiators of economic development, creating job prospects for local communities and creating income. But in order to keep the force developed, the regime moldiness support the joint efforts. (Blackburn, 2012)This has been associated with the Business angels increasing their funding to SME. Business angels are high net cost personnel that finance small developing businesses through a parity stake. They have been an important spring of finance for SMEs for the last decades of years. This has been possible by such individuals giving funding to SME to facilitate their smooth run ning.The opposite

Marketing Assignment Essay Example for Free

Marketing Assignment Es secernateMy chosen retailer is disperse n Pay which is a bon ton owned by South African entrepreneur Raymond Ackerman in 1967. dispel n Pay was able to gain a large shargon of the food market place because Raymond Ackermans indemnity of putting offering customers the best value for their money before profit maximisation and various tender responsibility programmes confuse made them a household in South Africa. Question 1 clean n Pay bridges the following gaps * Space. * Time. * Information.The space and time, value gaps are bridged by pick n pay, by entraping what the market really wants and providing consumer what they want at the right price in the right environment. -Information on products is readily available in stores during promotions and gen whilelly accessible in store. - crash n Pay offers financial go like credit on large purchases like appliances. -Through bridging these gaps Pick n Pay has been able to establish long term relation ship with consumers. Question 2An organisation has to perform its primary amp accompaniment marketing activities efficiently and in a timely manner to get word that the needs/ of the customer are met. Pick n Pay also owns its own transportation fleet so they have more than control over meeting demand on time. * Pick n Pay conducted detailed market research in order to properly serve its market as all store formats are as diverse as the geographic area they operate in, from the large hypermarkets to the express stores in accelerator stations, they cater to all different market segments.Pick n Pay also own boxer supermarkets which cater to low income groups much(prenominal) as rural areas. * They form of standardisation and grading is their damages policy of crowing consumers double their money back on Pick n Pay products if they not satisfied with the quality, This policy enabled Pick nPay to gain the trust of consumer which translates into Customer loyalty. All other produc ts offered by Pick n Pay have to follow authoritative regulations before being offered to the public.Pay has to take the unavoidable steps to ensure that products like fruits are available all year round which means such products need to be stored in fridges and other products have to be stored properly so they dont get damage before getting to the actual store so they dont let any losses. * The risk of loss or damage is to be mitigated by the form of having insurance policy to cover the assembly line. * Pick n Pay borrows money from banks to cover the day-to-day operations Raymond Ackerman says some(prenominal) descentes that were destined for greatness failed because they didnt have enough cash to run their daily operations.I would say Pick n Pay uses the societal marketing-oriented concept because of their environmental initiatives which have even gained the organisation a Sunday Times Top Brand Grand Prix award for the company that did the most to promote atomic number 19 issues and social upliftment of communities. Raymond Ackerman stresses the importance of doing good business which means implementing sustainable practices in the work environment and doing what the business is obligated to do in terms of social responsibility.Here are some environmental initiatives have introduced * Green Products- Products that are cytosine% recyclable with active ingredients that are made from sustainable,natural ingredients. * Introduced trained edition eco-friendly bags to limit the use of plastic bags * Pick n Pay vehicles use a low sulphur mental ability diesel and ozone-friendly lubrication oils. * Setting up recycling points at Pick n Pay stores * In 2009 they unfastened up 3 Pick n Pay express stores, starting a new era of green retailing.These type strategies will gain the business long term customers because of its awareness of contributing positively to the environment. Question 4 I would say my chosen retailer has evolved to this level because th ey the good relationship it has with its stakeholder thats why they have been able to offer the market such good prices and within any business you need to maintain good relationship with your suppliers for example, this would ensure that everything is delivered in a timely time and with your employees to ensure that their product are product and know whats expected of them.Pick n Pay has a number of policies and guidelines to govern relationships with its stakeholders so every interaction with its stakeholders is morally sound and is in line with the correct practices so that customers are satisfied and customers are retained. Question 5 5. 1 The micro environment of Pick n Pay is its internal stakeholders which would be * Employees * Investors * Management The business has full control over this environment. The market environment is the outside of the business and the business can only control this environment to a certain degree.The market environment comprises of * Suppliers * Competitors- Checkers,Spar,Woolworths. * Customers * General Public Brand Perception and Brand awareness. 5. 2 Pick n Pay is a company that focuses a lot on physical environment and socio economic issues as it recognises the importance of sustainability practices in its business due to the fact that natural resources are not available in infinite quantities and the damage us humans are doing to the environment. Pick n Pay has also enforced programmes that challenge socio economic issues such as unemployment.Here some the changes and programmes implemented to adapt to changes/trends in the large environment * Setting up recycling points at Pick n pay which in move around provides employment. * Green products 100% recyclable products with natural active ingredients that dont harm the environment. * BEE programmes which allows people from disfavour backgrounds to own a Pick n Pay franchise store. * Pick n Pay company also recently extended its Green Range of household products to include garbage bags made from 100% recycled material, 70% of which is post-consumer recycled materials.

What Caused Secession Essay Example for Free

What Caused secession Es opineWith no doubt was the secession of the eleven southern states a very important compositors case in our countrys history. Resulting in Civil War, which lasted four years, leaving over one-half meg deaths, destruction, and great sectional hatred, has affected our country till today. The great question is what caused the southern states to secede? If break ones backry truly was the culprit behind this, if it was to what extent was it? Was the person leading our country at the time in fault for southern secession? If any what were other factors? All of these questions are still debated today. Southern believed that slaves were their property, and that they had the powerful to take them with them. So when they noticed that Lincoln was going to abolish slavery they decided it would be shell to secede than not fork over anything to make money from. After the compromise of 1820 they limited slavery to the south, which would rakehell the country into two for the next forty years. The South would feel that slavery was the best thing for the slave for it gave them something productive to do. The North however as a majority felt slavery as a horrible thing by the cruel ways the slave owners would treat and beat their slaves. There were likewise those who went and helped free and bring slaves up to the North and also into Canada. (Document 1).Lincoln promising to abolish slavery compete a big role on secession. Southerners economy depended on agriculture, and cotton was one of their major crops. So they needed slaves to work in their fields. When they heard that Lincoln would abolish slavery they thought If Lincoln were chairthe Union would be endangered from that hour. (Document 3). The South started to think that it is Better leave the Union in the unclouded face of day, than be lighted from it at midnight by the arsonists torch. (Document 2) They also said that All citizens of the United States have an equal right to settle with their property in the Territory, without their rights, either of person or property, beingafflictedIt opened our eyes to the fact that there were two hostile elements in the country, and that if we allowed slaves to enter any territorial acquisition, our free labor must be excluded from it. (Document 5) They argued about this for a reasonable time until the south ultimately seceded from the south.We really dont know what really caused secession. Even researchers cant solidly say what the cause of secession was. But people can infer, and with clues, can have an idea of what caused secession.

Cost Accounting Essay Example for Free

Cost Accounting EssayIf you be starting out in a new business, especi all(prenominal)y a service/manufacturing business, understanding the comprise accounting system and which make up accounting system depart work best for your company, is the first stride to being successful. formerly you find someone to help you navigate those waters, let them help you sail the high-strung seas of send out and verifying inventory, direct and verificatory get the picture cost, and how to allocate grind smash as well. firearm it all may sound conf victimisation, having the right person with the right knowledge and advice, can make all the difference to you and the success of your business. We learned in Chapter 19 that cost accounting systems calculate, register, and record output cost. Once these costs wear been recorded, administrators and supervising personnel can use these costs for setting their product prices, arrogant operations and developing financial statements. These r eports can play an important role in the financial ratiocination making process for your company so it is imperative that they be accurate and detailed.There are both different types of cost accounting systems. There are called job order cost systems and process cost systems. While both systems are employ by manufacturing companies, the job order cost system is used by companies that manufacture custom products or groups of products that are alike. The process cost system, on the other hand, is elect by manufacturing companies that make units of a product that are impossible to tell apart and are produced exploitation a continuous production process.Once you have chosen your type of cost accounting system, you will need to know what types of costs that will need to be reported and the difference in those costs.First, you have direct materials cost and verificatory materials cost. Direct materials costs are materials that will be used as an essential part of the finished produ ct. For example, for an electrician, direct materials would be receptacles and wiring. To be considered and classified as a direct materials cost, it has to be used as an essential part of the finished product and it has to be a substantial portion of the total cost of the finished product.If it does not fit these two requirements, then it is considered an indirect materials cost, or factory overhead cost. Indirect materials are materials used in the production process, but which cannot be link to a specific product or job. Alternatively, they may be used in such aerial quantities on a per-product basis that it is not worthwhile to track them as direct materials (Bragg) .An example of an indirect materials cost, or factory overhead cost, for an electrician would be electrical tape and solder.Next, we have direct and indirect labor costs. As with direct materials costs, labor costs must also meet the same two requirements to be labeled direct labor costs. They must be an essential part of the finished product and must be a significant portion of the total cost of the finished product. If they meet these two requirements, these labor costs are considered direct labor costs.If they do not meet these requirements, they are indirect labor costs, or factory overhead costs. The janitor who cleans the building incurs labor costs for the company however, the janitorial costs are not an essential cost of manufacturing their product. As a result, the janitorial labor costs are indirect labor costs, or factory overhead cost.So what are factory overhead costs and how do you measuring stick and record it? Our textbook describes both in detail.Factory overhead costs are indirect costs of the product. As previously mentioned, these can be materials and labor costs that do not directly put oninto the finished product. Some examples includeHeating and lighting the factoryProperty taxes on factory buildings and vote downDepreciation on factory plant and equipmentSandpaper, glue, buffing compoundPower to run the machinesSalaries of production supervisorsBecause factory overhead costs cannot be directly earmarked to jobs, they are instead, applied to jobs using a common measure link to distributively job. This common measure is called an activity base. The activity base used to apply overhead should bound the use of factory overhead costs.Factory overhead costs are usually applied to jobs using a preset factory overhead rate computed as followsPredetermined FactoryEstimated Total Factory smash-up CostsOverhead Rate = Estimated Activity BaseFor example, if a company estimated a total factory overhead cost of $50,000 for the year and the activity base as 10,000 direct labor hours, a predetermined factory overhead rate of $5 per direct labor hour is computed using the estimated amounts at the startle of the period. Predetermined factory overhead rated are computed because managers need information about the product cost of separately job in a timely manner. With timely information, managers can fine-tune manufacturing methods or product pricing.Remember, during each step of your manufacturing process, identify and record every cost as well as determine whether the costs are direct, indirect, or factory overhead. Keeping up with these costs will help you determine the final examination cost of each unit and whether or not to make any changes necessary for a to a greater extent profitable future.Works CitedBragg, Steven, What are Indirect Materials? Questions Answers Accounting Tools 1 June 2013.Warren, Reeve and Duchac. ACCT 1101 Chapters 18-26 Managerial Accounting. Ohio Cengage, 2012. Print.

Rights and Responsibilities Essay Example for Free

Rights and Responsibilities EssayFirst of all, I want to tell you iodin important thing. Everybody has some rights and some responsibilities. Our rights atomic number 18 what every human being deserves, no subject field who they ar or where they live, so that we can live in a world that is fair and polite. Of course since these rights be for everybody, that means we all have to take a responsibility too. A responsibility is something that is your job to do something nigh, or to think about. It is something that affects our lives and other peoples lives. As everybody knows, children have rights and if you want to know them, you should read UN convention. There are a set of types of rights.The most important rights is right to protection, because nowadays there are a lot of stories about exploitation and neglect. Perhaps every day somebody talks about this topic on TV. To be honest, I know my rights, but I dont forget about my responsibilities. Its very important to me, bec ause Its very hard to live only by rights. We should think about every person, because they might lose their rights, if we dont know about our responsibilities. When we move out into the world, we engage more about the responsibilities which go with our rights. We learn that some things that humans do are not acceptable because we are not considering the rights of others. For example, things like telling lies, cheating, bullying, violence, destroying others belongings and stealing.Children are curious about the world, and it seems no matter how much information that you give them they are continuously seeking more. Political views are typically something that children at least initially pick up from their parents. Regardless of a parents political affiliation and viewpoint, it is only fair to teach children about a bigger picture so they can age up informed and capable of making their own decisions. Teaching children about politics can be either a path you choose for them or a d oorway to their own political feelings.

Elements of Marketing Essay Example for Free

Elements of Marketing EssayThere argon several views and explanation of selling. The most widely accepted definition is that of the American Marketing Association, the professional organization for merchandise practitioners and educators, which defines marketing as the process of planning and put to death the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectivesElements of MarketingMarketing ResearchMarketing is by definition a process of planning and executing to go out consumer necessarily. It take ins what are actual consumer wants and needs. Marketing research is the process in which collection of data by systematically helps to identify consumers needs. The Four PsThe heart of marketing strategy is the development of a response to market palace. Marketing by definition explains the concept of execution, pricing, promotion and right placement of goods, ideas and service s. To resolve to customers, a good organization develop product according to willingness of its purchaser, identify appropriate place for availableness and lowestly and promote its product to create familiarity in its customers mind. Product, Price, ship and promotions are four Ps of marketing which are use many organizations to define its marketing strategy.Product Product represents goods, services, or ideas offered by a firm. Price Price focuses on what customers are willing to pay for services. What price actually suits to consumer to buy goods? A company provides good or services and a customer willing to exchange dollars to satisfy its needs. PlacePlace represents the way or specific area in which company will distribute its goods or provide services to its customers. This decision company takes after careful and effective marketing research. PromotionThe final P represents promotion. Historically it is renowned with advertisement which is mean marketing. Promotions activit ies involve creating awareness in consumers mind to understand how they can meet their needs.Second approach is to define STPsSTP (segmentation, Targeting, Positioning) Segmentation It is execute of dividing the market according to similarities that exist among the various subgroups within the market. The similarities may be plebeian characteristics or common needs and desires. One of the main reasons for using market segmentation is to help companies to better understand the needs of a specific customer base. Mass marketing assumes that all customers are the same and will move to the same advertising.By looking at ways in which potential customer groups are diametrical from each other, the marketing message can be better targeted to the needs and wants of those people. Market segmentation strategies that meet these criteria can cover wide range of consumer characteristics. Subsets may be defined by basic demographics uniform age, race, or gender, for example. Other qualities, like educational background or income can also be used, as can location. Some of the potentially most powerful variables by which to segment a market are behavioral ones, including social class, lifestyle, and interests.

Black Consciousness in the Twentieth Century Essay Example for Free

Black consciousness in the Twentieth Century EssayRalph Ellison began his 1952 novel with the sentence I am an undetectable homosexual. (Ellison 3) These quintuplet words summed up the way in which the majority of Black Americans felt about their place in society at the time. The Civil Rights Movement was still years away, and the caste of American society had lay the Black American near the bottom. The book is in the first person narrative, narrated by a man who considers himself by societys view point to be invisible because of his race. The self-awareness of the Black American was confine to solely what the white establishment would allow and in the majority of the country, that was very little. However, the essence for the change that would blow over had already been born. The awakening, in the late fifties, of the Black American would take place in religion, politics, self-awareness and literature. This would become exemplified by the manner in which women in the swarthy communities were treated. The rise of domestic violence was an issue, even in 1950s America and in both the homes of blacks and whites. There would be, though, differences in which this awakening would manifest itself. For some, like those who would march with Martin Luther King, non-violence and pacifism would be the dominate tool to their awakening. For others, the awakening would come in the form of a religious rebirth, and good assertion of their place in society.There was a responsibility being neglected in the consumption of the black male to uphold his place of caregiver to his wife and family as well as to the residential area as a whole. This was an important issue to legitimateize, as the teachings of Islam would tell. The white man wants black men to incumbrance immoral, unclean, an ignorant. (223).During the course of the novel the protagonists lists ways in which he has become invisible and the reaction he stirs within society because of his blackness, an d as Ellis illustrates in the prologue of the book, I live rent-free in a building rented strictly to whites, in a section of the basement that was shut off and forgotten during the 19th century. (Ellis prologue). The narrator goes on to state that light is a necessity for him since light to him is equivalent to truth (much as it was in Platos cave so here the reader gains a sense of philosophy and of intelligence service from the narrator).Throughout the course of the events that aid in defining the narrator the major first event occurs on his colleges campus. The epiphany that the invisible man has during this time is that a black man whom he had once aspired to be like (i.e. to leave a legacy for his college) is not at all worthy of his aspiration barely instead is merely a black man who has disguised himself enough to be able to last in the white dominated society. Thus, the invisible man has his first exposure to mis-identities and the almost innate remove that black men feel they have to become someone else in rove to be a part of white society.In another act of deception in the book, the narrator (after a kettle hole room accident) is hospitalized during a state of consciousness he discovers that he has been experimented upon with shock treatment without his knowledge. This is a severe breach of his constitutional rights as well as his humanity. Thus, the narrator finds out that he is not considered to be human, or even subhuman but rather a thing, an object, a less than real entity whose presence is a constant element of scorn and fear to the white race (at least by each of the experiences the invisible man has had with white people).Thus, not only is he destroyed through the detection of white people but through his own culture and race as Dr. Bledsoe has given the invisible man letters of recommendation whose intent was merely to waylay the invisible man from coming mainstay to college and to not (as the invisible man had thought was their intention) to get him a job. Therefore the invisible man is hoodwinked by a person whom he thought he could trust and this leads him to further epiphanies of himself and his race and eithers misconception.The novel is truly about self-awareness through objective perception. Although the narrator finds brief solace with the Brotherhood and comrade Jack (a black organization seeking to unite the black community in New York), this currently turns into another form of hate through jealousy. The narrators position is replaced and he travels outside of Harlem only to return and find his friend dead. Despite efforts to try and unite the Brotherhood again, the narrator is soon obligate to recognized his grandfathers maxim, over come em with yeses, undermine em with grins, agree em to death and destruction. . . (Ellis).The novel is about a man whose invisibility is plagues by mis-identity, and whose overall undertones of outside prejudices see his life as well as his identity up to a p oint. The yes man that his grandfather apprised him to do was a type of camouflage technique in which a man can outlast wholly without being noticed by being, in essence, no one at all by becoming invisible in order to survive. The sacrifice that the invisible man does is to waylay his hopes and dreams in order to be nothing so that he may survive, not be gunned down by either Brother Jack or by the police. In essence Ellis book contributed greatly to the recognition of the black consciousness and the state of the Civil Rights movement in order for blacks to not be invisible in order to exist.WORKS CITEDEllison, Ralph. The Invisible small-arm. Random House Inc. New York. 1952.Gates, Henry Louis. The Signifying Monkey A surmisal of African-American Literary Criticism. New York Oxford UP, 1988.Klein, Marcus. After Alienation American Novels in Mid-Century. New York World, 1964.McSweeney, Kerry. Invisible Man Race and Identity. Boston Twayne, 1988.

Human Resource Management Essay Example for Free

Human Resource attention EssayKopanang Batho Cooperation Services is a company that distri barelyes water strategy to all parts of the urban and peri- urban societies. Its vision is to strive to provide clean water services to all stakeholders and the mission is to provide quality water through highly motivated and schoolmaster staff. Ogbor (2009283) believes that, a business is non defined by its name, status or articles of incorporation. Rather it is defined by what it offers, to whom it is offered and how it is offered. In this assay discussed are the factors instilling human election management in global organisations and how they strickle human resource management. Firstly described, the economic factors secondly, the political- legal system, thirdly, procreation and applied science and then culture, how each affect the practice and theory of management. Firstly, the economic factors it is all about the change about the new developments in the riches that manage rs need to be aware of. The changes brought about these factors require managers forward thinking and who mess handle and suit to change. According to Kynhans et al(2009), All these things show how healthy the state is, in other words, how well the country is doing economically.Todays organisations are operating in a global environment, the extents has become exceedingly tortuous and creates enormous uncertainty for managers. For example, about countries are prepared by the idea of free enterprise, that is people binge to find ways of doing things themselves in order to save costs and companies lam to loose clients due to that fact. Moreover, in that respect are differences in requirements for severance pay and vacation days allowed to workers. Again, human resource management practices tend to change so as to prevent unemployment even at the cost of sacrificing productivity this means some organisations go to the extent of losing productivity so as to spare its employees p roduction lines. Secondly, the political legal system, which involves the rules and the regulations at topical anaesthetic and national level, as well as the activities that influence the company behaviour affect the human resource management.Legal factors vary from country to country ant the rules and regulations enforced by a legal system can strongly affect human resource management as it states clearly the conditions for certain human resource management practices such as layoffs, hiring, training and compensation. Kynhans et. al cites, e very organisation is run gibe to the laws and regulation of that countrys government. This means every organisation in a particular country is ruled by the laws of that country and they can affect that particular organisation. For example, in other counties it is simple to admit and fire employees while in other countries there are procedures to be followed to do both processes. Thirdly, education can too affect human resource management. An organisations potential to find and handle a qualified workplace is an important consideration in any decision to expand into a foreign market. describes Sims (2010). This means that organisations consider educational background while selecting their employees and such organisations try all efforts to stop such candidates in the organisation.For example, some organisations prefer hiring people who studied full time. Again, other companies prefer hiring candidates formula certain well know schools around the world. Again, the technological environment in which a business operates also brings change within the organisation, either processes of production or the type of employees required. Many organisations realise they need to soak up using new technologies to be able to compete with other business. This can have either a positive or negative effect on the people working in that organisation but companies still need to keep up to date with the latest technology developments to stay ahead of the competition, cites Kynhans et al (200923). For instance, if a company needs to change technology, it might not be easy for other employees to hold and that might delay production.Introducing new products also can affect the organisation in a good sense that other old working practices might change and be replaced by new practices and the advancement of technology doesnt affect countries all at the same time thus some countries are not technologically advanced like others and that can affect the human resource management practices especially when it comes to job evolutions. Also culture can determine the other factors affecting human resource management in the marketplace.Differences in culture cause a great challenge in HRM, stresses Francis (2010). Culture often determines the military strength of various human resource management practices, for example, a benefit valued to be important in one country can be comparatively worthless in another country and that can affect the HRM practice as the rules or regulations will have to differ from country to country. In conclusion, it is very important for managers to consider the numerous factors of doing business in different countries and organise the work in different nations. As the world is becoming one village, rules and regulations must at least be more or less the same so as to make it easier to run companies globally. For example, globalise the laws regulating employment so as to make it easy to run companies globally.REFERENCESFrancis, C International Business Text And Cases.2010(5th Edition).New Delhi PHI Learning individual(a) LimitedJohn, O. (2009). Entrepreneurship in Sub Zaharan Africa, A Strategic ManagementPerspectiveMitras, D, Shrly .K (2009).Technology, Values and Social Forces in Technology Change Markham, M W. et al. (2009). Human Resource Management Fresh Perspectives Sims, R, R. (2007). Human Resource Management Contemporary Issues and Opportunities. USA Information Age Publishing. Inc.

Autocratic Management Have No Place in Todays Business World- Discuss Essay Example for Free

unconditional Management Have No Place in Todays Business World- Discuss EssayMany batch think nowadays that oppressive direction is bad and doesnt motivate employees. They believe this type of management get out never work in todays business world. However, it is not entirely possible for todays world to have everyone as democratic hoi polloi, nor is it true that most people argon Theory Y type.Autocratic management utilise to be the most effective management technique, as well as the simplest. Employees are told what to do and anticipate not to question back, like in the army. If the worker fails to accomplish the task then he/she both gets fired or disciplined. Managers always expect his/her decisions and orders to be obeyed without question, and everything will go fine. Managers tend to be in control of nearly everything within a firm, and make all the decisions. They also believe that workers are scarce motivated by incentives such as money and are lazy, which is based on McGregors Theory X and Taylors theory.The advantages of this type of management are that it is quite efficient, as at that lay are no disputes of any course between the employees and the management. Secondly, the decisions within a firm could be done very quickly and efficiently as there is pr human actionically no such thing as a discussion and opinions.The drawbacks of this style of management, however, are that employees wont have a sense of self-esteem or self-actualization, which is specified in Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. It is not possible to fully motivate an employee if this management is used. Also, communications within the firm will almost be non-existent, which is a problem for social needs. Workers will thumb bored or demotivated if they even usher outt make believe any relationship within the workplace.The business world today can be considered as distinct to the world in the past. However not everything would change in such a swift pace, wherefore it is not possible that all employees are Theory Y type workers. The initial statement that claims autocratic management has no place in todays business world is practically impossible to be true, because there are mollify people in this world that still supports this type of management. There are still lazy and selfish people in the world that fit perfectly into McGregors Theory X. Some people might not like the idea of making their own decisions as they fear it might touch the business in a negative way so they would rather rely on management to do all the decision making.Also, workers who, in the past, had worked in an autocratic environment will tend to act the same as their superiors when they become part of the management. It is similar to child abuse, where the child grows up to be a very aggressive person. Autocratic managers obviously wouldnt like to work in a democratic firm, as the manager tends to refuse any delegation to his/her subordinates.It is believed that autocrati c management is very effective in the short only would be devastating in the long-term. This is because there is a high chance of a medium-large number of labour turnovers within the business and the morale of existing workers would rapidly decrease. Eventually the employees would probably go on industrial action or, in worse scenarios, sue the business for unfair treatment.The quality of output signal from subordinates will also decrease, as they are highly demotivated due to the fact that they are like puppets, doing what theyre told. They dont feel as if theyre a part of the company. It is successful in the short-term because employees are initially motivated by money, which explains the high output. Also, as stated before, decisions are made very quickly therefore the firm can achieve their objectives in no time. Of course, as time passes employees are no longer interested in money that much as before, so they start to get demotivated.In conclusion, there is a place for auto cratic management in todays business world. It is just not as widely accepted as before because humans believe that they can think for themselves and never needs to be commanded by another(prenominal) being. Nevertheless some might say democratic management tends to do better than autocratic management, but that all depends on the employees themselves.

In a World of Stereotypes Essay Example for Free

In a World of Stereotypes Es give voiceWhat is a as mannequin? Stereotypes be characteristics ascribed to groups of people involving gender, race, national origin and other factors. (Nadra Kareem Nittle. Para 1). Most of these characteristics are over exaggerated opinions of the groups. The neighboring few parity bitgraphs in this paper bakshis identify three examples of a stereotype one whitethorn encounter in their everyday lives, an argu handst that may support the stereotype, and any mistakes that may be represent in the argument.One stereotype that is very common but a lot of people may not consider a stereotype is age in the work place. This may sound a little ridiculous but there are persistent negative perceptions pertaining to fourth-year workers ( Ostroff Atwater, 2003, p. 729 see as well as Posthuma Campion, 2009). An employer might think that a younger worker would have more energy or stamina, slight health issues, and more of an open mind when learning new technologies. An older person might be considered stuck in their ways rather than a fresh young employee right out of college.Nonethe little an older person in age might have more experience that would require a high paycheck, as where a younger person may take less money in separate to gain the experience. Although some of these arguments may make sense to the average person reading this, the homogeneous feelings contribute go for someone in the younger age groups. Young adults might also feel stereotype threat in the workplace, as younger workers are often perceived to be less reliable, less committed to the organization, and less soci ally skilled (Nadra Kareem Nittle. Para 31).Moral of the story is that there are honourable points and there are bad points for any worker no matter what there age. These are all assumptions of an age group instead of the true characteristics of the person themselves. An employer may not higher a threescore year old objet dart who has a b etter work ethic than a twenty five dollar bill year old troops and he will never know because he judged the older man based on a stereotype and vise versa. As a result to stereotyping he will continue to go through employees during his entire career.Here the employer commits the fallcy called a Hasty Generalization as well. plan broad and very general conclusions based on insufficient evidence can therefore lead to harmful results, not only for the victim of the stereotype but also for the person doing the stereotyping. (Mosser 2011, para 33). The contiguous common stereotype is called a racial stereotype. In 1933 Katz and Braly did questionnaire method research using American students on racial stereotypes. The results are quoted as follows There was considerable agreement in the traits selected. White Americans, for example, were seen as industrious, modernised and ambitious.African Americans were seen as lazy, ignorant and musical. Participants were quite ready to rate eth nic groups with whom they had no personal suffer. (McLeod para 15). Although this kind of behavior could be very well just plain human nature t stereotype a group of people based on their race, the face just arent there. brass at President Obama for example he is by far not a lazy man just because he is a black man. A lazy man would not have the cogency to run a country. Yet he is black, so he must be pretty lazy. phantasm? The last stereotype to address in this paper is sports stereotypes.Some may say that only men play sports like football, wrestling, or hockey and women only play volleyball, tennis, and badminton due to how much physical contact women should have verses men. (Million Views para 1). One would say these stereotypes do not seem to far fetched because football is a very rough sport and most men are bigger and stronger than a woman so if she were to join the football team she may very well get hurt. But why depository financial institution men play tennis? Does this make him girly? Or not a man? Some would say yes because the sport is less aggressive and a man needs to act in rough sports if they requisite to be considered a man.There are women wrestlers today and plenty of men play tennis without losing their alleged(prenominal) manhood. These things we all do everyday, sometimes without even realizing it. We are all categorized in some sort of stereotype more than we would like to admit. But the bottom line is that we all bleed red, we all perch the same air, and we all have to die one day. We are human. Instead of being separated into reason groups based on or age, religion, race, etc. we all should be as one in the same group of humans. Because weather we like it or not, we are human.

The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Buying Behavior Essay Example for Free

The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Buying Behavior EssayThe crescendo of celebrities endorsing check offs has been steadily increasing over the past 20 years or so. Marketers overtly acknowledge the power of fame in influencing buyers purchase decision. They postulate firm believe that likeability or a favorable attitude towards a steel is created by the hire of a renown. The crore of rupees spent per year on credit instant contracts supply that celebrities like Amitabh Bachchan, Sharukh khan and Sachin Tendulkar play an important role for the advertize industry. It is an established fact that renown endorsement stomach bestow unique features or special attri andes upon a crossing that it may pick out lacked otherwise. In India from late 1970s and early 80s the new trend in advertising started. Brands started being endorsed by celebrities. Hindi film and TV stars as closely as sportssomebodys were roped in to endorse prominent grimes. Advertisemen ts featuring stars like s funkyly Jalal Agha (Pan Parag), Tabassum (Prestige cookers), Sunil Gavaskar for Dinesh Suiting, Ravi Shastri and Vivian Richards (Vimal), Persis Khambhata and Kapil Dev (Palmo expect Shaving cream) became common. Though marketers should remember that celebrities atomic number 18 mere living beings like us and if they stack highlight the benefits or advantages of a patsy they tush as well have some uncanny negative impact. Theory and practice suggests that the use of stars and their unleashing power in advertising generate a lot of publicity and upkeep from the public but the underline questions are, do these stars really help a home run by increasing its sales? On the other hand, can they really have an Impact on the someones exercise pattern, thereby changing his station p theatrical role? How an advertisement featuring a celebrity can influence eat uprs get decision and can create an association in the midst of a brand and a common man.To fare these questions, the article lead examine the affinity between celebrity endorsements and brands, and the impact of celebrity endorsement on consumers buying behaviour as well as how consumer makes brand preferences. We will apply a wide-cut range of accepted principles of how consumers brand attitudes and preferences can be influenced, how buyers behavior can be influenced, how buyers behavior can be molded. We will use the principles of believability of source and pull fouliveness, the add together-up hypothesis, the consumer decision-making model and the communication model to represent this phenomenon. Brand- A laymanperspectiveBrand is the proprietary visual, emotional, rational and cultural trope that you can link with a fellowship or the product. Few examples will bring home the meaning i.e. Amul utterly butterly luscious Coke thanda matlab coca-cola Pepsi Yeh dil mange to a greater extent Kurkure- Masti bole to kurkure and Daewoo ka India. These examples convey peerless message that when people watch advertisement a connect is being created and result is that people go for experience of buying. People feel by development the brand they will portray trus iirthy traits or characteristics that otherwise they do not have. This generates a certain train of emotional affiliation and a sense of fulfillment. It is this emotional relationship with brands that make them so powerful.Advertisements enforces what on the button the brand bides for and what to expect by its consumption and higher up all what factors, features and attributes makes it better from competition. Advertisements along with other merchandising efforts generate expectations and feelings in a client and force them to think when they see or hear the brand name. This Thinking off lop and emotional bonding gets more mature and relevant when a celebrity endorses the brand. The personal intangible feelings of a customer become objective and tangible in the form of cel ebrity and the level of expectations will rise. The customer will start to perceive himself in the reference frame of the celebrity after the brand or the advertised product has been purchased or consumed by him.Celebrity and a Brand sense experience power in India can be gauged by the successful endorsements done by Sharukh caravanserai (Pepsi, Hyundai Santro, Sunfeast, and Navratan etc.), Amitabh Bachchan, Sachin Tendulkar, Rahul Dravid, Hrithik Roshan and the others. The necessary question is, if and how the lively interest of the public in the rich and famous can be efficiently and effectively used by companies to promote their brands and consequently to increase their sales revenues. This fact can be brought out by utilise certain examples i.e. Mr. Amitabh Bachchan promoting Cadbury chocolates after the fiasco of infestation when the physique of Cadbury India went rattling low in the eyes of people. Soon the company found a unblemished fit and a reliable celebrity to tra nsmit the correct message and help regenerating the lost trust. The fit between the product and celebrityis evident as Mr. Bachchan and Cadbury chocolates both have tested troubled times and still they stand tall and the love and trust they both share with the people all across India. This is a live example of how a celebrity brought certain attributes to a product like chocolate.Actor Sharukh khan has also endorsed diversified products. His endorsement basket is ranging from Hyundai Santro to Sunfeast biscuits on one hand and from Compaq computers to Videocon electronics on the other. According to Advertising search companies both the actors are doing well and the ad spent on both by the companies is increasing at a phenomenal rate, so does their basket of endorsements. These actors bring reliability and trust in the brand and above all, they help in increasing the sales revenues. Celebrity endorsements are powerful, has become evident from the above two examples but, why is it so ? This power is offered by the following elements, which also creates a Top of the Mind Position.* instant(a) Awareness, knowledge about the brand and easy recall. * Values and show of the brand is defined, highlighted and refreshed by the celebrity. * The celebrity adds new edge and dimension to the brand.* Credibility, trust, association, aspiration and connectivity to brand. * Belief in efficiency and new appearance that will result in at least trial usage.Understanding Consumer BehaviourConsumer behaviour is the study of how people buy, what they buy, when they buy and why they buy. It blends elements from psychology, sociology, sociopsychology, anthropology and economics. It attempts to understand the buyer decision-making process, both individually and in groups. It studies characteristics of individual consumers much(prenominal) as demographics, psychographics, and behavioral variables in an attempt to understand peoples wants. It also tries to assess influences on the con sumer from groups such as family, friends, reference groups, and society in general. The study and knowledge of consumer behavior helps firms and brasss to improve their merchandise strategies and product offerings. Following are the important issues that have significant influence on consumers psycheand their ability to take decisions The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and carry between different alternatives (e.g., brands, products) The psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment (e.g., culture, family, signs, media) The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other marketing decisions Limitations in consumer knowledge or schooling processing abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome How consumer motivation and decision strategies differ between products that differ in their level of importance or interest that they entail for the consumer and How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing streaks and mar keting strategies to more effectively give-up the ghost the consumer. Their Age, Religion, Culture, Income, informal group and Referent Group. Understanding these issues helps us adapt our strategies by taking the consumer into consideration.Traditional Factors bear on consumer decision makingThere are several(prenominal) factors that appropriate consumers decision to purchase a brand and a product. These factors though at time are not really much visible but they make an impact and affects sales of a product or brand up to a majuscule extent. The table below shows some of these factors.Impact of a Brand on consumer purchase decision inquiry studies have proven that cognize products and names are sold more than unknown ones. Therefore, a known brand or an optimally exposed brand will call up more recognition and buyers in the market in comparison to completely unknown or unexposed brand. Recognition of brand and its significance along with the traditional factors plays a ver y significant role in consumer decision-making process. More or less all consumer has a brand preference and given the affordability and societal norms, each buyer would like to buy and consume one of the passing acceptable, recognizable, and reputed brands.The above given model explains the important role that a brand plays in three different stages of consumers purchase decision making. A consumer start collecting data or information about his favourite brand than he keeps his favourite as one of the alternatives and he evaluate his selected brandagainst all available options and on finding it suitable or best among all options based upon a qualitative and quantitative evaluation he will ultimately purchase the selected or favourite brand.The plot above explains how various traditional factors along with brand preference interact during purchase decision process and finally results into a consumers final product choice or ultimate purchase.Celebrity and a brandSurveys suggest t hat compared to any other types of endorsers, famous people achieve a higher degree of attention and recall. They increase awareness of a companys advertising as well as help in safekeeping of message in the psyche of the audience. They can also help the company in reducing their disbursal on Media and other forms of publicity. An example will bring more clarity, When S Kumars, a known stuff brand entered into readymade garments business they used Hrithik Roshan, then the hottest advertising icon for their launch advertising for TAMARIND, now one of the premium readymade brands. They reckoned that they have spent 40-50 percent less on media due to sheer impact of using hottest star like Hrithik. The Ad recall was as high as 70 percent and the exhort can be termed as a great success.Celebrities also create positive feelings towards brands, connect exploiter to brand and are perceived by consumers as more entertaining. Using a celebrity in advertising or for any, other type of co mmunication for brand building is likely to positively affect consumers brand preference, brand attitude, brand association and purchase intentions. To ensure positive results, however, it is critical for advertisers to have a clear understanding of consumers reactions and reinforcement of celebrity endorsement. The impact of celebrity endorsement on any brand as well as on consumers purchase decision is very critical. stemma Credibility primeval goal of advertising is the convincing of consumers and persuasion to purchase, the ultimate objective, though not openly spoken, is to some how attract consumers to the market offering of the company, generating positive attitude, reinforce positive association and ultimately to generate sales,may be a trial purchase. At later stages, the sponsor may work towards creating a brand allegiance but generating initial sales or increasing the existing sales is the primary objective. In this respect, the credibility of an endorser along with adver tisement plays an important role in convincing the target audience of the attractive force of the companys brand and generates sales. Pursuing a celebrity endorsement scheme enables advertisers to project a credible image in terms of expertise, persuasiveness, trustworthiness, and objectiveness. To create effective messages, celebrity advertisers also have to consider the attractiveness of the spokesperson.Source attractiveness refers to the endorsers Physical appearance, Personality, Likeability and Similarity to the receiver, thus to the perceived social value of the source. This behavior mainly goes back to halo effect, whereby persons who perform well on one dimension example physical attractiveness or flush professional performance, social status are assumed to excel on other levels as well i.e. happiness and coolness. This is evident from the use of Fardeen Khan, modern, dynamic, outgoing and smart personality for Provogue he translates the modernism of the brand well. Tita n uses Aamir Khan in his different avatars for communicating to the public that their watches are as reliable and enthusiastic as Aamir is for films. Both Fardeen and Aamir carry the message well and enhance the credibility of the brand they endorse.Establishing a thoroughgoing(a) MatchResearch proves that a spokesperson especially for a service product or organization (ICICI- First Amitabh Bachchan, now Shahrukh Khan) interacts with the type of brand being advertised. These stars communicate the value of the product and transform an cut-and-dry service into a miracle solution for all problems of an ordinary customer. According to Friedman and Friedman (1979), a famous relative to a normal spokesperson is more effective for products high in psychological or social risk, involving such elements as good taste, self-image, and opinion of others. Several research studies have examined the congruency between celebrity endorsers and brands to explain the potency of using famous person s to promote brands. In India, a brand called Reid Taylor presented its perfect(a) example when they first launched their advertising campaign featuring jam Bond fame of the time Mr. Pierce Brosnan along with the tagline BOND WITH THE BEST but the JamesBond idea did not worked and the company was not happy with the results.After the debacle of the first campaign, company introduced a family ad where children are celebrating there parents silver wedding anniversary and they are out with their fuss to purchase a suit for him. Even this commercial did not work and it was taken off the air. As a last resort, company introduced Mr. Amitabh Bachchan as Reid Taylor man, a man propagating the brand for special occasion and for very special people in life. The commercial from the initial days got good response and did extremely well as people were able to connect with Mr. Bachchan and the values he was propagating. For the masses, there was a perfect match of an ideal Indian family man, a star and a good quality but bit highly priced brand reserved especially for special occasions and for very special people. Second example that can be quoted is of Vishwanathan Anand, who endorsed NIIT.NIIT adopted a very smart strategy by roping in Vishwanathan Anand an internationalist chess wizard for their advertising campaign. As chess is considered to be a game full of strategies and a game for smart people and when one of the greats of the game is asking people to join NIIT it was suppose to have a positive influence on the people and actually it had. There was complete congruency and compatibility between the celebrity endorser, the product and the message. Contrary to lone(prenominal) favorable outcomes, there are several examples where the product, even the entire campaign collapsed due to heavy weight celebrity as the agency or the ad failed to establish the relationship between the endorser and the product. Keeping the focus only on success, where the product and the celebrity were a perfect match, following are few examples Celebrity Endorser Company / ProductAmitabh Bachchan * Dabur* Cadbury* Reid and Taylor* ParkerShahrukh Khan * Santro* Videocon* Sunfeast* PepsiJuhi Chawala * KurkureUstad Zakir Hussain * Taj mahal teaAamir Khan * Titan* Coke* Toyota InnovaAishwarya Rai * Nakshatra* LuxRani Mukherjee * Fanta* Nestle MunchKajol and Ajay Devgan * Whirlpool* Tata IndicomThe campaigns are not only basking with the glory of success stories, but there is considerable number of failures as well. Assuming that a person just have to be famous to represent a successful brand, however, would be incorrect and may turn out to be a very dangerous preposition resulting into a big calamity for the entire advertising campaign or the brand. Very well accepted and attractive super stars like Abhishek Bachchan and Amitabh Bachchan failed in turning their endorsements into success i.e. Maruti Versa similarly Virendra Sehwag also failed to deliver Reliance Teleco mmunication with the master stroke of his cricketing genius.Among the thinkable reasons identified by several authors, including overexposure and identification, the match-up hypothesis specifically suggests that the effectiveness depends on the existence of a fit between the celebrity spokesperson and endorsed brand. Empirical work on the congruency of brand with the celebrity oft has concentrated on the physical attractiveness of the endorser. Results show that an attractive spokespersons are more effective in terms of attitude change when prompting brands that enhance ones attractiveness i.e. cosmetics health drinks or fashion wear. main(a) data states, for celebrity spokespersons to be truly effective, they should be knowledgeable, experienced, mature, and a bench mark in their several(prenominal) field and qualified to talk about the product.Transferring the MeaningAfter watching an advertisement the consumers try to find the meaning of the advertisement and associate the s ame with the endorser and eventually transfer to the brand. To understand this phenomenon Mc Cracken (1989)suggested a comprehensive model known as Meaning Transfer Model. This three-stage model suggests how the meaning associated with the famous person moves from the endorser to the product or the brand. Thus, meanings attributed to the celebrity become associated with the brand in the consumers mind. Finally, in the consumption process, the customer acquires the brands meaning. The third stage of the model explicitly shows the importance of the consumers role in the process of endorsing brands with famous persons. In contrast to anonymous endorsers, celebrities add value to the image transfer process by offering meanings of tautological depth and power, what is complemented by their life style and personalities.Therefore, to transfer the correct meaning to the consumer the company should select a celebrity that will produce the most favorable response for consumers and for the pu rpose the celebrity should have, the appropriate set of characteristics and the public should be able to visualize and comprehend the same. The company should consider the consumers needs while growth their communication strategy and selecting an appropriate celebrity to transmit the same, i.e. Kurkure used actress Juhi Chawala with the punch line Masti Bole To Kurkure and the actress on screen and off-screen personifies the masti and helps the brand in communicating the same easily.Compatibility of the celebritys persona with the overall brand image is very important, as a celebrity imparts credibility and inspirational value to a brand and his or her image should perfectly match the brands image. A good brand campaign idea and an intrinsic link between the celebrity and the message are must for a successful campaign. Certain elements that generate a perfect match or compatibility between the celebrity and brand image are* Celebritys fit with the brand image along with celebrity-t arget audience match.* Celebrity associated values and celebrity-product match.* Costs of acquiring the celebrity and his or her popularity along with brawl risks associated with the celebrity. * Credibility, availability and physical attractiveness of celebrity. The above points can be put to perspective by using two examples, first Kapil Devs Palmolive da jawaab nahin and second Nakshatras brand recall due to its endorser, the gorgeous Aishwarya Rai Bachchan. Both brands have edged out and carved out their niche in consumers mind due to image and credibility of their endorsers.These were the cases of perfect match between the brand image and the image or persona of the celebrity endorser. ratiocinationA brief assessment of the current market situation indicates, that celebrity endorsement advertising strategy can under the right circumstances indeed justify the high costs associated with this form of advertising. The use of celebrity for endorsements create a very favorable impac t on the consumer and it creates a connect which forces a consumer to purchase a product. However, as several failures show, it is essential for advertisers to be aware of the complex processes underlying celebrity endorsement. It has been proved from the discussion that celebrity endorsements are a powerful and useful tool that magnifies the effect of a campaign but the word of caution to be followed seriously celebrities alone do not stock warrant success nor does a great advertising campaign or the best possible product.It is the combination of several factors and elements that work together for the success of a brand and its acceptance in the minds of consumers as well as for its market offering. Modern day consumers are well educated and smart, they know celebrities are being remunerative for these endorsements and this knowledge makes consumers rather more cynical about the product and celebrity endorsements. Majority of the consuming commonwealth also knows what is adverti sing and how it actually works and this knowledge of consumer makes the task of celebrity endorsement all the more difficult and challenging for the advertising companies and the sponsors. Indian companies both advertising and product offering companies have top make an effort to overcome this ever-mounting challenge.References* Aaker, David A. (1996), Building Strong Brands. New York, NY The Free Press. * Daneshvary, Rennae and R. Keith Schwer (2000), The Association Endorsement and * Consumers innovation to Purchase, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17 (3), 203-213. * Friedman, Hershey H. and Linda Friedman (1979), Endorser Effectiveness by Product Type, Journal of Advertising Research, 19 (5), 63-71. * McCracken, soften (1989), Who Is the Celebrity Endorser? Cultural Foundations of the Endorsement Process, Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (3), 310-321.

Religious Imagery In The Godfather

Religious Imagery In The GodfatherDescribe the religious imagery Coppola uses during the Baptism ikon at the end of the Godfather. How is this ceremony utilize to heighten the tensity of the scene? What statement (if any) is he making by cross-cutting between the murders and the ceremony?The Baptism scene is superstar of the intimately exceptional scenes in the Godfather movie because Coppola-the director- combined visuals, language, music, and edit in a very powerful centering. To summarize the scene, Michael, the Godfathers son, sets up himself as the new Godfather and settles the family issues by fiat him men to murder his enemies. In this scene, Coppola uses montage editing to cut between those two scenes back and forth, as if he is trying to demonstrate a point close to Michael. Coppola wanted to contribute Michaels complex event as an evil and good troops at the same time. Also, Coppola used close ups during the scene to emphasize it more. In the Catholic Church, t he priest was using Latin in the baptism he shifted to English when he asked Michael questions just about faith. This shifting between Latin and English was used to underline Michaels contrast between what he is express and the murderous actions that he orders.The scenes in a film stand be edited by all continuous action or parallel action. As for editing the baptism scene, a parallel action was used wisely to present Michaels personality and life. Cutting back and forth between scenes can be implemental to present events that happen at the same time. The parallel action highlighted the dishonesty and the darkness of Michaels thought and personality. join on to that, it presented the double life that he will relieve oneself laid as the head of the family. Coppola used the image of the innocuous baby, who is being washed for purity and sinfulness, to contrast it with Michaels life that is filled with sins and darkness.A rising action was starting signal Michaels men were p reparing for the murders and the priest was preparing the baby. Then the scene r to each oneed the peak when the priest asked Michael if he renounces Satan. The scene cut to the low murder of mafia, then cut back to Michael saying I do. The shifting between Michaels men preparing for a Mafia war and the religious ceremony getting started highlights the tension, the lies, the darkness, and the contrast of this ceremony. At the time where a baptism should be a religious ceremony to clean the soul from sins, the scene presented the opposite of that. We can follow the despise and the shadow thats nearly Michaels life, as if this ceremony was a lie. Coppola was able to clearly present the complexity of Michaels soul and how each murder stresses out a new meaning. Combining the two events in one scene emphasizes Michaels title as the Godfather.We can clearly notice how Coppola used the four elements of filmmaking (Mise en scene, sound, cinematography, and editing) in this one scene to create the perfect atmosphere. Coppolas choice of using a religious music during the ceremony didnt miscellany during the murders. However, he manipulated the level of sound by increasing it during the killings and decreasing it during baptizing the baby. As a result, the level of tension, timidity and pressure increased, and the audience was able to search the real Michael. Michaels true personality was being revealed as the family man who deals with crime and murders.Using different lighting techniques during the ceremony was a clever move by Coppola. He focused the sun light only on the altar where the priest was baptizing the baby. However, he darkened most of the altar and especially the statute of rescuer Christ that was directed toward Michael. Michael being in the light and Jesus in the dark can imply or suggest the differences between them. People may see the use of lighting as a symbolic method to reveal Michaels duplicity. Especially when he rejected Satan in words, while, his men were murdering his enemies.To conclude, Coppola tried hard to introduce Michaels character and personality through and through the baptism scene. His way of using the simplest techniques to reach the point where people can really analyze the character, was powerful. Not all directors can demonstrate the different feelings that audiences felt throughout the scene. If this one religious scene created this amazing feeling of fear, dishonesty, and faith, what about the entire film? The Baptism ceremony was established to comp ar between Michaels life and what he pre turn tail to be. minimal brain damage to that, the cross-cutting between the murders and the ceremony helped showing the evil side of Michael. Coppola had the choice to separate the murders from the religious ceremony, but he chose to combine them to create this anxiety and nervousness feeling. Combining them was a success because the audience was able to live the scene and to understand each character aside. Some historians argue that films reflect the semipolitical and social mores of high corporation at the time of its creation- is this an accurate statement? Is this subject matter of the movies we have watched driven by society or does society drive the entertainment industry to create films within a specific moral, social, or political context? Discuss.Coppola, one of the American directors who created powerful films with strong personal appeals, may shargon more or less of the cultural, social, and political mores that most American have. For example, after watching the Godfather, we cant help but say that it expresses roughly social or cultural mores that directors commonly have with their audience. Godfather clearly reflects the American society in umpteen ways the mafia wars, the killings, and the family relationships. According to Quart and Auster (2002), the movie industry tries hard to perfectly utilize or so social values to attract audience, who is most likely accep ting those values and living on them. wholly films can be considered political as the Batman movie (1989) that point out several views about the American reality.However, we cant say that all cultural and political views in films can relate to audiences social and political beliefs it is difficult to relate to them all the time. Most of the American films try not to eliminate the social patterns. Producers usually try to stylize the cultural or social world to let people live in this bubble of thrill or to let them escape the emotional reality. Films be usually built around the audiences dreams, the individuals heroism, or the individuals personality. In fact, this is what most Hollywoods movies are based on. We can see that from Home of the Brave to Platoon films, where the political events were included to delimitate some characters fate or feeling. For instance, the producers in Platoon film included the Vietnam War to define and show the soldiers journey that he goes through . (Quart and Auster, 2002) When the U.S has entered World WarII, the film industry tried to support the war lather by producing some documentaries and short movies about the war. Also, the OWI (the office of War Information) joined the film industry to dissipate notion among people about supporting the war, and to maintain awareness about it. For example, during the war, Basil Rathbone has played as the brilliant detective Sherlock Holmes who defeated Nazis inhumanly acts. The film industry and the OWI were concerned about the rising tension in the society because of the war. Therefore, they wanted to create a national unity between people, and to present the U.S. as a unified country. Hollywood placed an effort during the war by producing movies. For instance, Hollywood realized that women had been go away behind because their men joined the army therefore, Hollywood produced series of films about how these men are scarifying themselves and their families, and how they are contr ibuting their souls for war. This type of drama pleased and helped many people during the war especially women, who were presented as the ancillary spouse. Hollywoods box office hit a new level because of people admiring the drama of these womens lives and their support for their abide men. (Grainge, Jancovich, and Monteith, 2007) After stating all these facts, I would have to say yes films reflect the political mores of society but not necessary directly it could preserve the audience in many simple ways.Films can be liberal, conservative, or confused when it comes to political events, and analysts are still trying to figure out the connection between them and the society. However, films are a reflection of the society because most movies now a day present part of our day-by-day lives. Films present partly what a family, a teenager, a soldier, a child, and a woman go through every day. For instance, the movie New York talked about how the 9/11 has changed the life of three stud ents who were studying at New York State University. This movie reflected many aspects of society, politics, war and darkness. Add to that, people are able to see the corruption and the dishonesty of the business world by watching the Corporate movie. It presented how women used their femininity to get jobs, how people killed others for silly excuses, and how teenagers took drugs and got pregnant. These entire movies clearly reflect the society as a whole, as if they are the mirror of societys culture and politics. Of course, there are other types of movies like fiction or animation movies that are produced to create a new world for some audience.To conclude, I believe that movies are driven by society and society is driven by them too. In fact, Movies are produced for people, and because people need them to escape their insouciant routine. As a result, people get affected by many stories, actors, and styles presented in the movie. People, especially females, tend to follow the tr ends and fashion of movie stars, and they try to be them in every way possible. The images of these movie stars affect society as a whole. Lets take Hanna Montana films and series as an example for how teenager girls were write her style, her clothes, and her life. We cant deny that society is driven by films, and that movies are driven by society because each one of them is connected with the other. They both complete each other. Society, especially since the last decade, is getting affected by movie stories everyone wants to re-live them. Films in general are created as tools for people to perfectly reflect their economy, culture, and politics. Films basically present societys values and beliefs at a certain(p) time and place each film reflects a certain era and a certain issue. Filmmakers always try to connect with audience through presenting something that may touch their lives or experiences. Finally, Films are now basically part of our lives, routine, and activities.