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Question: Why are Aboriginal people prone to alcohol and substance abuse? Answer: Alcoholism or substance abuse can be considered as one of the greatest burdens on the health and welfare of a society. It has to be understood in this context, that addiction is not just a threat to the physical health of the addicted but also affects the psyche of the individual and affects the familial and social relationship of the alcohol addict as well. Hence, it can be mentioned that the impact of the addiction to alcohol or drugs is not just limited to the person dealing with addiction issues, but it also extends towards the social life and the community the addict belongs to as well (Jiang et al. 2013). Among the different nations struggling with the burden of alcoholism, Australia can be considered a significant one. Among the rest of the mainstream society, the indigenous community has been reported with the highest burden alcoholism, this essay will deconstruct why the aboriginals residing in Australia are prone to alcoholism and substance abuse. For this essay, we will be deconstructing the question Why are Aboriginal people prone to alcohol and substance abuse; in here the signified are the aboriginal people and the signifier in this situation can be considered the alcoholism and substance abuse Considering the signifier, alcoholism, it has to be mentioned in this context that alcohol addiction can be defined as the chronic use of alcohol, which is also called alcohol use disorder in clinical terms as well. According to Manning, Smith and Mazerolle (2013), the alcoholism can develop into two different trajectories, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. Both of the types of alcoholism results directly into mental and physical disorders and effects the living condition of the victims. On the other hand, the second signifier, substance abuse is critically linked to the concepts of alcohol abuse as well, on a more elaborative note, it can be mentioned that alcoholism increases the risk for developing different co-occurring disorders as well; and substance abuse or addiction to drugs is the most common and frequently observed co-occurring disorder associated with alcoholism. Hence, it can be concluded that the individuals with chronic addiction to alcohol also are very likely to develop addiction for illicit drugs as well (Barratt, Cakic and Lenton 2013). Hence there is a significant link between both of the signifiers in the scenario and both of the signifiers imply profound impact on the signified, the aboriginals. Coming to the signified, the aboriginals and their addiction to alcohol and substance abuse in questioned in the study. According to the Aodknowledgecentre.net.au. (2018), it has to be mentioned that the percentage of alcohol addiction and illicit drug abuse is higher in the indigenous communities when compared to the mainstream societies. On a more elaborative note, 19% of the aboriginal youth aged 15 years and above have been reported to be engaged with recreational drug abuse, especially cannabis. Along with that, it has to be mentioned that over the total burden of the drug abuse, the aboriginals and Torres Strait islanders account for approximately 4% of the total burden. Considering the alcohol consumption rates of aboriginals are 2.3 times higher than the mainstream society, hence there must be various different external and internal factors associated with the high burden of alcohol and substance abuse among the aboriginals and Torres Strait islanders. The idea of a deconstruction essay is look behind the meaning of the key terms utilized in the question. In order to deconstruct the first signifier, alcoholism can be considered a highly vague and highly stereotypic. The inner meaning behind the word alcoholism directs at a number of a few interrelated things. First of all, when considering an alcoholic, the concept of the person being violent and irresponsible is very high. An alcoholic can easily be stereotyped as being an irresponsible and violent person, which can have detrimental impact on their social and personal lives. Another aspect of the term alcoholism is the chances of the person becoming an outlaw. The impact of chronic addiction to alcohol often leads to the person being very prone to breaking law and being associated with illegal activities. Along with that, an alcoholic is also stereotyped as a drunkard; a drunkard can be defined as any person that is habitually drunk. Hence, any aboriginal those are considered alco holic, their possibility of being a drunkard, irresponsible, violent and outlaw are radically high. Considering the second signifier, a substance abuser is also associated many related terms. For instance, a substance abuser can be easily called irresponsible and violent as well. The addiction and the impact of the recreational drug overdose are known to strip the person of better judgement and reasoning abilities. Hence the chances of substance abuser being violent and irresponsible are very high. Along with that, the correlation between substance abuse and violent behaviour is also extremely high. A substance abuser or drug addict can be highly associated with breaking law as well, as the better judgement of a person becomes impaired with drug abuse by the means of altered cognition. Hence, the impact of the cognition loss can also lead to the substance abuser becoming psychotic and outlaw are very high as well. On a more elaborative note, the historical impact of the colonization and the loss of land can be considered as significant factors that led to extreme disregard for law and responsibility to their nation or the community in the aboriginals. According to the Swift et al. (2013), the impact of the loss of their traditional land during the colonization and the social and economic exclusion that followed had significant impact in their life style. Considering the education as a determinant, the lack of educational attainment resulted into low employment among the aboriginals. The discrimination and socio-economic exclusion that the aboriginals and Torres Strait islanders are subjected to is the primary contributing factor to the lack of education and employment. It has to be mentioned that during the colonization and invasion of their lands they have lost their homes and their lands, which affected their lives and their mental health extremely. Hence, the culmination of all these factor s might have contributed equally to the high disregard for healthy lifestyle or lawful living enhancing their tendencies of becoming drunkards or addicts. The question asked in the assignment echo or imply many stereotypes against the signified, the aboriginals. Alcoholism and substance abuse are much related concepts and the impact of both of the phenomena correlate on the profound effect on the lives of the addicts, whether drunkards or the substance abusers. Hence, the stereotypes discussed about the different aspects associate with the aboriginals do not indicate at the reality of the scenario. Although the crime rates and violence among the aboriginals are high, the impact of their cultural history, the discrimination and the disregard for the laws of the mainstream from which they are excluded from. Hence, it can be stated that the question asked and deconstruction in the essay represent a lack of understanding and compassion to the signified. It is debatable whether there are direct correlations indicating why the aboriginals are prone to alcoholism. Instead, as per the information discovered in the essay, it can be safely concl uded that the question should focus on the factors that have contributed to a community becoming prone to alcohol and substance and whether there are profound roles played by the societal gradient and the discrimination in the scenario (Nadew 2012). On a concluding note, the question asked in the essay helped in discovery of various interlinked factors contributing to the reduced quality of lives among the natives and aboriginals. As per my own analysis of the entire scenario, the aboriginals are a community that have been dealing with the overwhelming grief of losing ancestral lands and along with that the social position they held before the colonization. In the following years the socio-economic position of the aboriginals only deteriorated further and they became completely isolated into native communities that bore no relation with the advancements of the rest of the mainstream societies. The discrimination, social isolation, and bullying only deteriorated the scenario further and hence the aboriginals cannot be blamed for the disregard to the idea of mainstream healthy and lawful living standards. Hence, the question under the focus of the deconstruction essay unravels a wider scenario, and there is need for further resear ch into the ideas to discover the underlying reasons behind the deteriorating condition of the aboriginals aside from the stereotypes. 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