Transformation of dracula

Transformation of Drachma Drachma Is a timeless novel written by Abram Stoker and to this day remains a thrilling read about good vs. evil In the form of Van Helping and his companions pitted against the supernatural forces of Count Drachma, the vampire from Transylvania. Not only was this novel about good vs.. Evil but upon inspection found to have many themes and views relevant to the time it was written. This caused it to be a huge success of its time and in 1922 the German director Murmur seeing the success of the story put it under transformation and named it Nonstarter.This silent film was very similar to Drachma except It was more relevant to the times It was written In. Public opinion about certain aspects of society had changed and even though both forms of media were set in the same timeshare some themes had been eliminated or turned on their heads. Now both these media were made in different styles with Drachma made in the gothic style. This is apparent with the Supernatur al aspect of Drachma and his Vampire kin. Stoker's descriptions of Drachma are always set as comparisons to animals so even when In human form Drachma Is not quite human but rather meeting far more unnatural.In Nonstarter the style Is the one of the time being German expressionism with themes prevalent throughout the film, the most obvious being the use of shadows to signify darkness and evil as well as the unknown. This is best captured with the powerful Image of count Errol walking up the stairs to attack Nina with his eerie shadow adding to the sense of darkness and mystery. Drachma had many themes but like Nonstarter was an expression of the times In which they were conceived In, so many themes in Drachma did not make the transition. GenderHierarchy was viewed as an Important cog of Victorian culture and that held true throughout the book with the submissive, helpless females needing the help of the apparent stronger sex, males. The only exception to this is Mina but even then s he is only able to by having â€Å"a man's brain†. Christian salvation and imagery was not part of the transformation process into nonstarter as being an important theme in Drachma is non-existent In Nonstarter. A great scene to help show this Is the killing of Lucy where after being killed for a second time Lucy Is restored to â€Å"unequalled sweetness ND purity'. SE of holy symbols only reinforces this theme with the crucifix and holy wafers making appearances. The theme of superstition vs.. Science is also at the forefront with the logical, rational dry Seward unable to explain the biting with all of his reasoning and it is only through superstition from a man of higher faith who is unable to uncover the mystery. Also when it comes to the hunting and killing of Drachma science is not enough to defeat the beast and faith Is needed to kill the monster. The big thing of the unknown ,strange east Invading progressive closedEngland was also not only an issue in the book but a n issue at the time with high immigration rates making some conservative Englishmen very nervous. Nonstarter due to the time it was made after the 1st world war therefore had more themes applying to post war Germany and some themes from Drachma where completely rubbed out with the gender hierarchy almost reversed as the men look like bumbling and his blatant disregard of clues from a book of vampires accompanied by Errol being deterred by the rosary the only mention of these two themes. Religion vs.. Science wasn't as big of as issue as at the time of nonstarter.This was different for Drachma as Charles Darning's origin of species had Just been published; challenging the faith of many Christians perhaps leading conservative Abram Stoker to show that religion is still important. In the sass's this wasn't as big of an issue and therefore was not a theme in the film. WWW was the bloodiest war in human history at that point and the Spanish influenza had Just ripped its way through Europ e. This is reflected in the way Count Errol brings death to Thomas Hatter's city with the scene f the coffins being taken down the street.You will notice that Count Oarlocks teeth are different to Drachma's. Errol has the teeth of a rat rather than the stereotypical enlarged canines. Also his arrival is matched by some rats who are also bringers of plague. So count Errol could be a symbol for the rat as he brings what is reported in the film as plague. All in all I believe Transformation to be a useful tool as it can expose people who enjoyed the original to something different and in Drachmas case show a great contrast between different times and different people.

Boston Beer Company Essay

This report examines the US Beer industry as well as the industry structure, capacity and marketing trends as they relate to the current and future positioning of the Boston Beer Company, or as most people know it around here, Samuel Adams. The US beer industry has had several years of slowing gains and downfalls. Three brewers dominate the industry that I emphasized in my industry analysis, which are: Anheuser-Busch, Miller Brewing and Adolph Coors. These market leaders have expanded their respective beer industry market at the expense of other brewers, including Boston Beer Company. Boston Beer Company is just a mere 1 percent of the beer brewing industry. The US beer industry is highly competitive with brewers leaving the industry and a few new large brewers enter. China is the undisputed leader in global beer industry, accounting for 17. 1 percent of the world’s beer production in 2005. Purchasing power in Chinese economy is on the rise, which will drive beer sales and improve overall profitability for them. Domestic brewers have been buying small breweries in individual Chinese provinces to service particular communities. First to better understand A little more about Boston Beer Company I’ll look deep into their background of Boston Beer Company. Just like in our Strategic Leadership class to find out what somebody’s values are, you have to know what their back-story is. Samuel Adams has an amazing story line behind it. According to their website it says that â€Å"Boston Beer Company was started with Jim Koch’s great-great grandfathers recipe. With a determination to handcraft a quality, flavorful beer, Jim brewed his first batch of Samuel Adams Boston Lager in his kitchen in 1984†, before I was even born. The beer is said to be created with the world’s finest, all natural ingredients. Jim chose the name Samuel Adams after the Boston patriots, the father of the American Revolution, and a man who fought for our American Independence. Samuel Adams made its debut in Boston on Patriots Day in April of 1985. Boston bartenders were quoted saying that Samuel Adams was unlike any beer they had ever tasted. By the end of the first year, sales reached up to 500 barrels and it just took off from there. Just six weeks after its introduction Samuel Adams was selected as â€Å"The Best Beer in America† at the Great American Beer Festival’s. Since 2000, Samuel Adams has won more awards in international beer tasting competitions than any other brewery in the world. Boston Beer Company has become an inspiration to other small industries out there. By 1995, hundreds of small, local and regional breweries sprouted up all over the country, following in Boston Beer Companies footsteps. From reading this firm analysis so far you would think they dominate the Brewing Industry, brewing close to two million barrels of Samuel Adams beer, but is still less than 1% of the total US beer market. That is just astonishing to me. The companies’ culture and philosophy is simple. To set superior standards for quality. Jim and the brewers at Samuel Adams ensure the highest standards for the best ingredients needed to make the highest quality of beer. I found this so interesting that on Jim’s annual hops selection trip to Bavaria the hops farmers always comment on how Jim just doesn’t just sniff the hops, he â€Å"dives into them! (BostonBeer). There philosophy is not to be the biggest brewing industry but to be the best tasting beer brewing company. Samuel Adams is the only brewer that actually buys back its beer when its past its peak freshness date. These are there strengths. There strengths have always been to take pride in their beer, differentiate yourself in a market that is already dominated by three huge organizations. To this day Jim tastes every batch of beer brewed to make sure it meets his high standards. Another strength they pursue is they have a wide range of beers. These brews include: year-round beers, seasonal styles, signature holiday brews. This differentiates them so much from large brewers. Say for example someone like Anheiser Bush sells the same beer over and over and over. Samuel Adams has Boston Larger, Summer Ale, October Fest, Winter Larger.. etc. This brings in so many more customers like my dad who are excited when the newest season beer comes out. From personal experience my dad marks his calender for when the different brews for Samuel Adams comes out. This is so vital and different from any other brewery. Jim Koch the founder and CEO of The Boston Beer Company Early on, Boston Beer Company acted like a virtual company, primarily contracting with third party packers to produce its products. The brewery did have a small facility, but it was never be enough to produce all the beer the company was capable of selling. In 2006, it expanded its breweries into Cincinnati, which was expected to produce roughly two-thirds of Boson Beer’s total volume. Boston beer companies target customers have always been those around New England and people who like a high-end, thick, good, delicious beer. Boston Beer Company was actually the first brewer to market their product nationally, however they did not have the expense of shipping it across the country however. In 2006, regarding Boston Beer’s productions, chief executive Martin Roper said â€Å"We have revised upward our capacity needs in New England based on healthy craft category growth, our own growth trends and higher freight costs and are no exploring production capacity in excess of 1. 0 million barrels. Our current estimates are that construction of such a facility could cost between 120 million and 160 million. We believe this is an appropriate strategic investment based on the growth of the category as well as known and unknown risk in supplier alternatives. † It is increasingly important for the Boston Beer Company to focus on defining where they stand in a global businesses strategy and perspective, developing Samuel Adams into a leading international brand by making investments in brewers that have leading brands in high-growth beer markets. It is my recommendation that they focus specifically on growth in the Chinese beer industry. It has taken more then three hundred years to develop technology and process required to transform malt into the product displayed in grocery and convenience store coolers across the globe.

Anxiety Disorders #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anxiety Disorders #2 - Essay Example carring or acne problems, in the nose in terms of size and shape of nose, in the hair as a thinning or balding hair and in the genitals as the size and shape of the sex organ. Although researchers believe that the causes of body dysmorphic disorder may be ‘multifactorial’ in nature – genetically, psychologically, or socially derived they are uncertain of the specific cause of this disorder (Phillips and Castle 2001).However, it is believed that the public’s preoccupation with body image may be directly related to the onset of this psychiatric disorder. The media’s insistence on displaying their version of a beautiful man or woman is influencing simple individuals’ views of themselves. Due to the media’s appeal, society in general may put pressure on men and women alike to present themselves in light of the media’s preferences. In men, in particular, there is the preoccupation with muscle which may lead to muscle dysmorphia – an anxiety which comes from the belief that ‘one’s body is too small’ or insufficiently brawny (Phillips and Castle 2001). The most effective treatments for BDD are medication and cognitive behavior therapy. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors used to aid those who are depressed is intensified in dosage and duration for individuals suffering with BDD. Cognitive behavioral therapy allows individuals to gain a more pragmatic analysis of their body image. Therefore, individuals who may have been obsessed with a tiny spot on the skin may be able through various cognitive behavioral techniques to accept the tiny spot as an imperfection which is not a definition of the individual’s appearance and in time learn to cope with the minute speck in relation to rest of the perfect skin. Further, patients may develop more realistic views of their appearance and resist the urge to perform repetitive behaviors such as a constant checking of self in the mirror or regular comparison of self to others. What is more cognitive behavior

Fluid lab ( Head loss through a pipe) Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Fluid ( Head loss through a pipe) - Lab Report Example he pipe whereby its zero at the surface of the pipe, and this is attributed to the no- slip conditions, and its goes to the maximum at the center of the pipe. The rate of fluid flow in a given pipe is not constant. This is attributed to the various opposing factors that hinder the constant flow of the fluid. This factors result in loss of energy of the fluid otherwise known as head loss. Thus head loss can be defined as the total amount of energy reduction of the fluid as it moves. The head loss is caused by the friction of the fluid particles as they are in motion and other minor losses which are caused by various factors which include bends in the pipe, constrictions in the pipe, joints, among others. The losses due to friction are referred to as friction losses and are considered to be the major losses in the pipe (Spellman, 2008). The layout of the apparatus was inspected to make sure that the function of each component is understood. Measurement of the medium and the largest pipe was made and the Q and h of the pipes recorded. From the graph, it can be seen that the velocity is directly proportional to head loss due to friction in that as velocity increases, the head loss due to friction increases. This is a linear

Historical religon art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Historical religon art - Essay Example This paper therefore provides an understanding on how faith, worship and theological ideas are represented through the mediums of art and religious architecture. In recent times, faith evangelism has been transformed into music. This is whereby individuals use music to propagate their faith to other individuals. For example, people produce music with biblical messages to break the monotony of written literature. In this regard, individuals are able to understand the message in a humane approach. Conversely, faith representation through art is restrained to representation of superior beings thanks to the sin of blasphemy. The Catholic Church, for example, has come under criticism over the representation of Jesus on the cross in their churches raising the question of idolatry. This therefore puts limitations to the way in which faithful worship. In a Christian view, one of the Ten Commandments abhors individuals from making any graven image that depicts God. This is mind, it is essential that art does not step on the ideological and perceptions of doctrines in the church. Nevertheless, use of art to propagate various faiths is critical. This is because most people across the world prefer art to written literature (Short 45). Although as earlier stated, art should be limited to the tenets of church’s regulations. Faith and theological ideas are presented through songs and dances that are forms of art. This is through church performances whereby use biblical verses to come up with sweet music. Moreover, other forms of art include drawings either in books on the streets. The drawings serve as recipes for the proliferation of the gospel. For instance, individuals use drawings to pass a message about the life and times of Jesus. This provides a historical approach to the gospel. Drawings kill the monotony of listening in a church congregation. Moreover, drawings as forms of visual arts are applied across the streets thus are reach-effective implying

At the end of the play, Othello has agreed to the death of Cassio and Essay

At the end of the play, Othello has agreed to the death of Cassio and has himself killed Desdemona. In 750 words, explain how iago has managed to lead othello to this position - Essay Example Iago influences Cassio which leads the latter into dishonoring himself and insists on Roderigo to murder him. In his attempt to revenge Othello, Iago also convinces him of Desdemona's disloyalty and influences him into slaying his wife. Therefore, all through the play, Iago is involved in plotting his plans and maneuvering his revenge. Othello, by the end of the play, agrees to Iago to the death of Cassio while he himself kills Desdemona. It is mainly due to the intriguing plans of the character Iago that such tragic situations occur in the life of Othello. Iago manages to influence the other characters of the play in his natural way and his wicked designs determine the destiny of the other characters. Over the several years in the office as ensign to Othello, Iago is has achieved the trust of the general to become his most faithful advisor. It is on the basis of this unquestionable trust that the character develops all his plans and he becomes successful in persuading Othello to relegate Cassio and later to cause the downfall of the Major himself. An understanding of the plot of the play confirms how effectively Iago manipulates the other characters to believe and trust him completely and to play the roles in his revenge plot, as designed by him. Thus, he achieves the trust of his Major, and maneuvers Emily, his wife, to get hold of Desdemona's handkerchief which Othello had presented to her. Totally aware of Othello's 'tragic flaw', i.e. his jealousy, Iago manages to convince him that the handkerchief, the most valued gift of Othello to Desdemona, was in Cassio's possession. Iago then focuses on arousing Othello's jealous rage, and asks him to hide behind to listen to the conver sation between Iago and Cassio. Iago also manages to make Othello believe that the lewd conversation between Iago and Cassio about the latter's mistress, Bianca, was all about Desdemona. Therefore, Iago's success is in the plot in which he manages to manipulate facts to suit his purposes, and the resulting jealousy in the character Othello helps Iago to take his revenge on Cassio and the Major himself. The influence of this character over the characters in the play, especially Othello, is evident from the fact that everything moves according to the plot of Iago and ultimately he is given the opportunity to take his revenge. The final scene of the play illustrates how effectively this character manipulated the other characters and the situation. Therefore, his plots to take his revenge succeed when Othello slays Desdemona who was in fact guiltless of the charges by Iago. Iago is able to change the identity of Othello thanks to his intriguing skill in manipulating facts, and this change of identity caused Othello to face the ultimate tragedies of his life. In his ability to create the most effective situations for his plot, by misdirecting the other characters, Iago becomes successful in making a change in the identity of other characters, especially Othello. He is able to influence the identity and personality of other characters and is effective in completely altering the direction of the story by changing the other characters. Thus, it becomes clear that Iago, in the play's downward movement, employs his instrumental reason to influence Othello and

Employee relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Employee relations - Essay Example The issue is that such actions can lead to insurmountable problems involving sentiments of the employee, and his or her belief of ownership within the company. It is also difficult for managers to classify misuse because often the thin line between misuse and productive use of resources is separated only by a thin line. For example, an employee may use the department vehicle for a specific purpose and satisfy his personal requirements on the way. Can this be seen as misuse? Similarly, a management may not mind an employee using the company vehicle for personal needs as long as his performance is above par. Hence, it may be seen that classification of use and misuse of company resources in certain cases is arbitrary and dependent on the valued judgment of the management. However, there are some other official resources, the definition of misuse of which is clearly defined under the company law or a higher legal body. For example the use and misuse of email and the Internet can be clearly demarcated according the usage pattern of an employee. In fact, the employees browsing pattern and online behavior is enough to determine whether he has been using the resource in an irresponsible manner. The irresponsible use of email and the Internet can pose serious losses to the company while it can be a great productive tool if used responsibly. The improper use of the Internet can also lead to situations in which the company may lose important data and valuable intellectual rights. The Internet has over the years, evolved as a very cheap alternative to other forms of communication. Employees may often misuse the Internet and the email systems because they are not aware of the cumulative costs that may accrue because of the misuse. While many people are of the view that misuse encompasses only viewing objectionable material available on the net, there are many other ways in

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 10

Personal statement - Essay Example I have been a proud candidate for the major of Economics which has interested me as a potential subject for the development of my natural capabilities. I have always been interested in the subject of Economics and I have had the opportunity to realize the relevance of this subject in the international business arena. As an individual who has been born and brought up in a Chinese family which runs some important business back home, I had a great opportunity to have the first-hand experience of my family’s business. I have also been running a small business with friends and partners in the e-bay. Thus, I have been an individual with lots of experience and interest in business and money matters, and I have been greatly interested in economics as it provides the suitable and interesting areas of discussion. I developed an essential interest in the matters of economics ever since I began to take part in the family business and it came to my notice that having a great awareness of t he elements of economics can greatly help me in my business endeavors of the future. However, I failed to realize that my personal relationship with people around me was getting worse, due mainly to my disregard for the friends and people around. I soon felt that I was not in company with several individuals who share common interest. Many often, I thought I was an isolated member of my society, be it family, college, or other places of social relations. Thus, I was very dull with the way I was developing in my circle. To tell about my personal background, I was born to a family which has a high reputation in business and our family business is a company trading firm, Import and Export Corporation. I have been fortunate enough to be abreast of the developments in business, economy, cost decision-making and accounting from the time I became an adult. In our

League of Nations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

League of Nations - Essay Example The founders of the UN — the most significant international organization of our times — took the model of the League as a starting point for the new organization, based on the lessons learned from the experiences of the League (Grigorescu: 36, 38). The League proved to be outstanding in the field of health preventing the spread of diseases. Its agency, the Health Organization later became the World Health Organization. The International Labor Organization started in those days and continues to exist today. It also needs to be pointed out the work done in the Third World to improve the status of women and child slave labor; current issues among the non-governmental organizations and the UN. Drug smuggling was also targeted and in this aspect the League can be considered a precursor taking into account that before WWI only timid attempts were made in this issue. In addition, we need to bear in mind the foundation of the League’s work in this almost unlimited field: the scientific publications (Sweetser: 181).That is to say that the UN followed the structure of the League, inherited a number of agencies, and tried to improve them. The main organs of the League were the General Assembly formed by the Members of the League which main task was to decide on the organization’s policy (Article 3 of the Covenant adopted by the Paris Peace Conference in April 1919)); the Council that included 4 permanent members (Britain, France, Italy and Japan) and 4 (later became 9) others elected by the General Assembly every 3 years.... Drug smuggling was also targeted and in this aspect the League can be considered a precursor taking into account that before WWI only timid attempts were made in this issue. In addition, we need to bear in mind the foundation of the League's work in this almost unlimited field: the scientific publications (Sweetser: 181). That is to say that the UN followed the structure of the League, inherited a number of agencies, and tried to improve them. The main organs of the League were the General Assembly formed by the Members of the League which main task was to decide on the organization's policy (Article 3 of the Covenant adopted by the Paris Peace Conference in April 1919); the Council that included 4 permanent members (Britain, France, Italy and Japan) and 4 (later became 9) others elected by the General Assembly every 3 years; the Permanent Secretariat that prepared the agenda and published reports of the meetings (art.6); and it created the Permanent Court of International Justice (art. 13) which has been previously recommended by the Second Hague Conference but no agreement had been achieved at that time (Donnell: 404). When the UN was constituted the Council became the UN Security Council with the principal allies in WWII as the permanent members (UK, USSR, France, US and China); decisions are bindi ng on all members, but unanimity is not required; the Permanent Court of International Justice became the International Court of Justice; and the General Assembly and the Secretariat remained. With the League, authorization for any action required both a unanimous vote by the Council and a majority vote in the Assembly (art.5) making decisions difficult to

Case study discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Case study discussion - Essay Example In this regard, the assets, interests, and rights of the project are basically held as the secondary security or act as the collateral. Therefore, in any case the forecasted cash flow from the project does not sustain the project, there is high risk exposure to debt risks though the failure of the projects may be attributed to many factors like the interest rates, business risks, economic situation like inflation and the type of the shareholders (Gatti, 2013). In the case of Autopistas del Centro, the financial recession hit the project quite since most of the projected cash flow had been forecasted prior to the great financial crisis of 2008 (Lubian, 2015). Therefore, the only option it to sell the project to new owners since the shareholders are reluctant to go into their pockets and revive the project once. Therefore, it is imperative to identify some of the factors that must be considered when pricing the project so as to make sure both the buyers and sellers are satisfied. Besides, the head of the projects is deeply concerned about the best approach that can be used to make sure that the shareholders are satisfied with the handing over of the project to the new owners. Inflation is one of the critical issues that must be looked into when pricing a project to the new owners. The implication is that inflation has the potential to increase the original estimates of the construction costs (Esty, 2014). Usually, the inflation rates are put into consideration when the project is at the design stage but future changes in the inflation rates may affect the original estimated construction costs and this will have a huge effect on the final pricing of the project (Gatti, 2013). Therefore, when pricing the project, it would be important to look at the inflation rates in Spain, as well as Europe in general. In 2009, the CFO of AC, Martinez saw the need to revise the status of the project finance under different circumstances under which the

Sustainable Competitive Advantage Essay Example for Free

Sustainable Competitive Advantage Essay A sustainable competitive advantage occurs when an organization acquires or develops an attribute or combination of attributes that allows it to outperform its competitors. These attributes can include access to natural resources or access to highly trained and skilled personnel human resources. It is an advantage (over the competition), and must have some life; the competition must not be able to do it right away, or it is not sustainable. It is an advantage that is not easily copied and, thus, can be maintained over a long period of time. Competitive advantage is a key determinant of superior performance, and ensures survival and prominent placing in the market. Superior performance is the ultimate, desired goal of a firm; competitive advantage becomes the foundation. It gives firms the ability to stay ahead of present or potential competition and ensure market leadership. Resource-Based View of the firm. In 1991, Jay Barney established four criteria that determine a firms competitive capabilities in the marketplace. These four criteria for judging a firms resources are: 1. Are they valuable? (Do they enable a firm to devise strategies that improve efficiency or effectiveness?) 2. Are they rare? (If many other firms possess it, then it is not rare.) 3. Are they imperfectly imitable (because of unique historical conditions, causally ambiguous, and/or are socially complex)? 4. Are they non-substitutable? (If a ready substitute can be found, then this condition is not met?) When all four of these criteria are met, then a firm can be said to have a sustainable competitive advantage. In other words, the firm will have an advantage in the marketplace which will last until the criteria are no longer met completely. As a result, the firm will be able to earn higher profits than other firms with which it competes. Developing Sustainable Competitive Advantages 1. Customer Loyalty: Customers must be committed to buying merchandise and services from a particular retailer. This can be accomplished through retail branding, positioning, and loyalty programs. A loyalty program is like a Target card. Now, when the customer uses the card as a credit card, Target can track all of their transactions and store it in their data warehouse, which keeps track of the customer’s needs and wants outside of Target. This will entice Target to offer products that they do not have in stock. Target tracks all sales done on their cards. So, Target can track customers who use their card at other retailers and compete by providing that merchandise as well. 2. Location: Location is a critical factor in a consumers selection of a store. Starbucks coffee (shown here Figure 1) is an example. They will conquer one area of a city at a time and then expand in the region. They open stores close to one another to let the storefront promote the company; they do little media advertising due to their location strategy. 3. Distribution and Information Systems: Walmart has killed this part of the retailing strategy. Retailers try to have the most effective and efficient way to get their products at a cheap price and sell them for a reasonable price. Distributing is extremely expensive and timely. 4. Unique Merchandise: Private label brands are products developed and marketed by a retailer and available only from the retailer. For example, if you want Craftsman tools, you must go to Sears to purchase them. 5. Vendor Relations: Developing strong relations with vendors may gain exclusive rights to sell merchandise to a specific region and receive popular merchandise in short supply. 6. Customer Service: This takes time to establish but once its established, it will be hard for a competitor to a develop a comparable reputation. 7. Multiple Source Advantage: Having an advantage over multiple sources is important. For example, McDonalds is known for fast, clean, and hot food. They have cheap meals, nice facilities, and good customer service with a strong reputation for always providing fast, hot food

Dysfunctional Families in Today’s World Essay Example for Free

Dysfunctional Families in Today’s World Essay Children are supposed to grow up together with their parents. A family environment helps them not to feel depress(ed). They learn that their feelings and needs are important and can be expressed. Children growing up in such supportive environments are likely to form healthy, open relationships in adulthood. Family dysfunction can be any condition that interferes with healthy family functioning. In most families, there occurs some periods of time where functioning is impaired by stressful circumstances. These stressful events could be a death in the family or a parents serious illness, among others. But for healthy families, the moment the crisis is over, then normal functioning resumes. In dysfunctional families, however, problems tend to be chronic. The children then do not consistently get their needs. As a result, the negative patterns of parental behavior tend to be dominant in their childrens lives. Healthy families are not families who never argue or have disagreements. These families may have yelling, bickering, misunderstanding, tension, hurt, and anger but not all the time. In healthy families, emotional expression is allowed and accepted. Member of the family can freely ask for and give attention. Rules tend to be made explicit and remain consistent, but with some flexibility to adapt to individual needs and particular situations. Healthy families allow for individuality; each member is encouraged to pursue his or her own interests, and boundaries between individuals are honored. Children from healthy families are consistently treated with respect, and do not fear emotional, verbal, physical, or sexual abuse. Parents can be counted on to provide care for their children. Children are given responsibilities appropriate to their age and are not expected to take on parental responsibilities. Finally, in healthy families, everyone makes mistakes; and most importantly, mistakes are allowed. II. The rise of dysfunctional families and its impact in society There are many types of dysfunction in families. Some parents choose to under-function. They leave their children to fend for themselves. On the other hand there are some parents who over-function. These parents seem to never allow their children to grow up and be on their own. Others are inconsistent or violate basic boundaries of appropriate behavior. Below is a brief description of some types of parental dysfunction along with some common problems associated with each. Deficient Parents Deficient parents hurt their children more by omission than by commission. Frequently, it is because of a chronic mental illness or a disabling physical illness that contributes to parental inadequacy. Parental emotional needs tend to take precedence over the needs of the children. The children, on the other hand, are often asked to be their parents caretakers. Thus, children tend to take on the adult responsibilities at a young age in these families. They are robbed of their own childhood, and they learn to ignore their own needs and feelings. Because of this experience, where these children are simply unable to play an adult role and take care of their parents, they thenoften feel inadequate and guilty. These feelings continue into adulthood. Controlling Parents Unlike the deficient parents described above, controlling parents fail to allow their children to assume responsibilities appropriate for their age. Often, the controlling parents are driven by the fear of becoming unnecessary to their children. These parents then continue dominating and making decisions for their children, even if they are already well beyond the age at which this is necessary. This fear leaves them feeling betrayed and abandoned when their children become independent (Forward, 1989). On the other hand, these children of controlling parents frequently feel resentful, inadequate, and powerless. Transitions into adult roles are quite difficult, as these adults frequently have difficulties making decisions independent from their parents. When they act independently these adults feel very guilty, as if growing up were a serious act of disloyalty. Alcoholic Parents Alcoholic families tend to be chaotic and unpredictable. Rules that apply one day do not apply to another one or to the next instance that you happen to be part of. Promises are neither kept nor remembered. Expectations vary from one day to the next. Parents may be strict at times and indifferent at others. In addition, emotional expression is frequently forbidden and discussion about the alcohol use or related family problems is usually nonexistent. Family members are usually expected to keep problems a secret, thus preventing anyone from seeking help. All of these factors leave children feeling insecure, frustrated, and angry. Children often feel there must be something wrong with them and this is the reason that makes their parents behave this way. Mistrust of others, difficulty with emotional expression, and difficulties with intimate relationships carry over into adulthood. Children of alcoholics are at much higher risk for developing alcoholism than are children of non-alcoholics. Abusive Parents Abuse can be verbal, physical, or sexual. Verbal abuse such as frequent belittling criticism can have lasting effects, particularly when it comes from those entrusted with the childs care. Criticism can be aimed at the childs looks, intelligence, capabilities, or basic value. Some verbal abusers are very direct, while others use subtle put-downs disguised as humor. Both types are just as damaging. Definitions of physical abuse vary widely. Many parents, at one time or another, have felt the urge to strike their child. With physically abusive parents, however, the urge is frequent and little effort is made to control this impulse. Striking a child has much to do with meeting the parents emotional needs and nothing to do with concern for the child. Often, parents erroneously justify the abuse as a process of discipline that is intended to help the child. Physically abusive parents then create an environment of terror for the child. This is particularly worse since the violence is often random and unpredictable. Abused children often feel anger. Children of abusive parents have tremendous difficulties developing feelings of trust and safety even in their adult lives. While parents may justify or rationalize verbal or physical abuse as discipline aimed at somehow helping the child, there is no rationalization for sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is the most blatant example of an adult abusing a child purely for that adults own gratification. Sexual abuse can be any physical contact between an adult and child wherein that contact must be kept secret. The demonstrations of affection that occurred then such as hugging, kissing, or stroking a childs hair that can be done openly are quite acceptable and even beneficial. When physical contact is shrouded in secrecy then it is most likely inappropriate. Sexual abuse happens to both boys and girls. This act is perpetrated by both men and women. It cuts across lines of race, socioeconomic level, education level, and religious affiliation. In most cases, sexual abuse is part of an overall family pattern of dysfunction, disorganization, and inappropriate role boundaries. Responsibility for the sexual abuse in all cases rests entirely with the adult. No child is responsible for being abused. Most sexually abused children are too frightened and scared of the consequences for themselves and their families. In most cases, they do not risk telling another adult what is happening. As a result of this bottling-up, they grow into adulthood carrying feelings of self-loathing, shame, and worthlessness. They tend to be self-punishing and have considerable difficulties with relationships and with sexuality. When problems and circumstances such as parental alcoholism, mental illness, child abuse, or extreme parental rigidity and control interfere with family functioning, the effects on children can sometimes linger long after these children have grown up and left their problem families. Adults raised in dysfunctional families frequently report difficulties forming and maintaining intimate relationships, maintaining positive self-esteem, and trusting others; they fear a loss of control, and deny their feelings and reality (Vannicelli, 1989). There is a great deal of variability in how often dysfunctional interactions and behaviors occur in families, and in the kinds and the severity of their dysfunction. However, when patterns like the above are the norm rather than the exception, they systematically foster abuse and/or neglect. Abuse and neglect inhibit the development of childrens trust in the world, in others, and in themselves. Later as adults, these people may find it difficult to trust the behaviors and words of others, their own judgement and actions, or their own senses of selfworth. Not surprisingly, they may experience problems in their academic work, their relationships, and in their very identities. In common with other people, abused and neglected family members often struggle to interpret their families as normal. The more they have to accommodate to make the situation seem normal, the greater is their likelihood of misinterpreting themselves and developing negative self-concepts (e. g. , I had it coming; Im a rotten kid). III. The relationship between religion and dysfunctional families Dysfunctional family members have common symptoms and behavior patterns as a result of their common experiences within the family structure. This tends to reinforce the dysfunctional behavior, either through enabling or perpetuation. The dysfunctional family usually suffers from a variety of issues that may require the help of trained professionals. This is in addition to prayer and other spiritual disciplines. Some of those issues include: (1) Individual personality differences and personal issues; (2) Unresolved issues from the past; (3) Marital and family problems due to domestic violence and abuse, infidelity, and poor communication; (5) Financial problems and poverty; (6) Separation/divorce resulting in grief and loss and abandonment issues, depression, and sometimes a lack of financial support; (7) Mental and physical health problems; and (8) Spiritual disconnection. Any of the aforementioned problems can create high levels of distress, and failure to seek help can be lethal. Furthermore, when a major trauma strikes, families are rarely prepared to deal with it, and if they are unaccustomed to seeking outside help, family members may never recover emotionally. Many people stay away from connecting with God in a Christian community because they feel they are not good enough. Maybe they are overly critical of themselves, or maybe they know they have not lived the way God would want them to live. They may be afraid that Christians in church will judge them and reject them, and so they stay away. They say, God couldn’t really love someone like me. God must be angry with me. They could also be very adept at meeting the perceived expectations of others through self-denial. Denial, repression, splitting, and a false sense of self are often well-developed defense mechanisms. The black and white thinking expressed in such conflicting pairs of opposites as God vs. devil, church vs. world, sin vs. righteousness, leads to repression of anything that might possibly be construed as unacceptable. Constant self-monitoring and rigid self control, along with confession of every sin in prayer, are often considered the only means of avoiding divine condemnation. In the literalism characteristic of fundamentalism, an evil thought or feeling is regarded as just as sinful as an evil act. Impulses and feelings may be considered demonic in origin. In truth, religion can play a part in furthering the dysfunction of families. For one who has a dysfunctional family, its teachings of obedience, respect for authority and quiet compliance further enforce the debilitating situation. But when you dig deeper into what religion is, you will see clearly what God wants. Religious Institutions throughout history have used fear, control and manipulation to build kingdoms made by man. They have left many wounded or dead in the battlefield of Satans kingdom. Religion is a powerful tool of the enemy. An extreme example of this is The Taliban and Bin Laden. Religion teaches obedience to law. And Christ teaches grace. But the scripture has confined all under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe. But before faith came, we were kept under guard by the law, kept for the faith which would afterward be revealed. Galatians 3:22-23. Learning to trust wholeheartedly in God, and depend on Him to break free from whatever bondage, will bring emancipation from these bondages, and make an impact in our broken society. The church should be the one institution where the spirit of fear does not exist and coercion and manipulation are not practiced. IV. Healing dysfunctional families Two centuries ago there was relatively little dispute over the existence of God, or the societally beneficial effect of popular belief in a creator. In the twentieth century extensive secularization occurred in western nations, the United States being the only significant exception (Bishop; Bruce; Gill et al. ; Sommerville). Theists often assert that popular belief in a creator is instrumental towards providing the moral, ethical and other foundations necessary for a healthy, cohesive society. Many also contend that widespread acceptance of evolution, and/or denial of a creator, is contrary to these goals. As he helped initiate the American experiment Benjamin Franklin stated; â€Å"religion will be a powerful regulator of our actions, give us peace and tranquility within our minds, and render us benevolent, useful and beneficial to others† (Isaacson: 87-88). Changes in family life have transformed our society in the last thirty years. One of the biggest has been the virtual disappearance of the male-breadwinner lifestyle and the emerging dominance of the dual-earner couple. Working wives and mothers face questions about the effects of their choices on their childrens welfare and their own health under the strain of the second shift, while their husbands confrontand respond to in a variety of waysnew opportunities to construct a masculine identity not focused exclusively on breadwinning. Leaders in education, business, and government debate what policies should be in place to help people manage their work and family lives and who should bear the cost of work-family management. Changing patterns of family formation and disruption have also created widespread concern and vociferous policy debates. High divorce rates raise questions about the effects of divorce on childrens well-being and future success and how to make blended families work. The problems facing single-parent families have become a focus of policy makers, religious leaders, and the national media. Debates about homosexual unions have led to battles over gay and lesbian marriage in a number of states and many local controversies over what legal rights should be extended to homosexual partners. Delayed marriage and childbearing mean that more American households comprise single adults and childless couples, and remaining childless throughout life has become much more common, fueling concern among some about the decline of the family. All of these changes have led to an increasing pluralism in family life and a new consensus that there are many kinds of loving, caring families. Most people spend some portion of their adult lives outside of a nuclear family, forming and reforming family-like connections periodically over the course of their lives, causing many to rethink long-held assumptions about the necessity of marriage and parenting for adults happiness, security, and well-being. But this pluralism is intensely contested and debated for both moral and social philosophical reasons. Not everyone agrees about what constitutes the good family and what kinds of families are morally legitimate. Many people see the family as the bellwether of our society and find the rapid and numerous changes in family life over the last few decades to be troubling. Some even argue that a devaluing of family life, and especially of lifelong, heterosexual marriage, inevitably leads to a decline of the nation. These debates also focus on questions of resources and inequality. Who has access to the rights that marriage confers? Why does divorce lead to a reduction in women and childrens standard of living, and what can be done to change that? Making Changes Changes in family life have been a central concern for religious leaders, activists, and local communities of faith. Throughout American history, religion and family have been intertwined and interdependent institutions. Congregations, parishes, and synagogues have provided an important context for families to spend time together and have shaped the religious education and moral development of children and youths. Sociologists have long noted that marriage and parenthood make religion more important to people and increase their participation in local congregations. Sometimes, children who come from dysfunctional families continue in their roles because they are waiting for their parents to give their permission; to change. Like most people, parents in dysfunctional families often feel threatened by changes in their children. As a result, they may thwart efforts to change and insist that the children change back. Some specific changes one can do are: (1) Identify painful or difficult experiences that happened during your childhood; (2) Make a list of your behaviors, beliefs, etc. that you would like to change; (3) Next to each item on the list, write down the behavior, belief, etc. that you would like to do/have instead; (4) Pick one item on your list and begin practicing the alternate behavior or belief. Choose the easiest item first; (5) Once you are able to do the alternate behavior more often than the original, pick another item on the list and practice changing it, too; (6) Believe in God’s grace that he will heal all the painful experiences in your list (in no. 1) and pray His love will help you change all the behaviors listed and free you from bondage. References: Bishop, George. (1999). â€Å"What Americans Really Believe, and Why Faith Isnt as Universal as They Think. † Free Inquiry 19(3): 38-42 Bruce, Steve. (2001). â€Å"Christianity in Britain, R. I. P. † Sociology of Religion 61: 191-203. Forward, S. (1989). Toxic parents: Overcoming their hurtful legacy and reclaiming your life. New York: Bantam Books. Gill, R, C. Hadaway and P. Marler 1998 â€Å"Is Religious Belief Declining in Britain? Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 37: 507-16 Isaacson, Walter. (2003) Benjamin Franklin: An American Life. New York, Simon Schuster. Meeting the Needs of Dysfunctional Families Catechist, January, (1993) Sommerville, C. (2002) â€Å"Stark’s Age of Faith Argument and the Secularization of Things: A. Commentary. † Sociology of Religion 63: 361-72 Vannicelli, M. (1989). Group psychotherapy with adult children of alcoholics: treatment techniques and countertransference. New York: Guilford Press.

Concept Of An Ideal Life

Concept Of An Ideal Life Throughout the 19th century, the problem of individual existence in the world was an issue prevalent to people in the Western World. The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche stated that the conditions of alienation and absurdity were the heart of the problem. Throughout the essay, I will discuss Nietzsches analysis about human suffering and his solutions to it, and will use his philosophy to create a harmonious and meaningful life for myself. According to Nietzsche, humans suffer because of our weak tendency to conform to the societal ideals; he explained that in order for us to avoid such suffering, we must choose to live life according to our passions and desires. In discussing our nature to go along with the moral conducts as accepted by the society, Nietzsche compares humans to cows. Much like cows, we tend to just follow the accepted values, and essentially, become one in the herd. As a result, humans cause suffering to themselves, because theyre too weak to challenge the seemingly correct socially constructed world. People believe that they have an inherent meaning in living in the world, but in truth, life is based on nothingness, that everything is by chance. The only way to end misery in our lives is if we become brave enough to takes risks and recognize what truly makes our lives meaningful. Nietzsche describes the process of becoming, a representation of how we want to portray ourselves to others, as a foundati on for living a valuable life. We decide whats meaningful and create the value in our human life. Moreover, Nietzsche illustrates a test to determine if our life has been worth living and describes how we should style our life to avoid any conflicts. To see if weve created a meaningful life, Nietzsche suggests the test of eternal return. The ultimate test is that if we were to go back and relive our lives, we would want each and every small occurrence to happen again, whether its a depressing or embarrassing moment, because in the end, we would live a perfect life. The momentary embarrassment or heartache wouldnt even matter because succeeding in living a valuable life would dominate any small glitches within our early life. If we could say yes to this test, then weve succeeded in living a meaningful life. In order to create such perfect lives, Nietzsche discusses the need to style our life. We must no longer believe in an innate self, but aesthetically approach our lives, in organizing our experiences into the self. We must turn to ourselves in determining our individual existen ce rather than turning to the world; its like creating a work of art through painting various colors onto a wall. However, all our actions and every element must coherently be harmonious with one another and the parts should come together as a magnificent whole. When we mold our lives the way we want it to be, we finish the artwork of essentially creating and styling ourselves. In applying Nietzsches idea of becoming, Ive analyzed my desires and have come to recognize four essential elements: God, wisdom, family, and health. Throughout my daily life, I constantly seek God to find comfort in my life. Its through Him that I learn to love others, and therefore, Im able to keep relationships with friends, family, and people in general. He teaches me to be compassionate toward others by showing me the greatest example of true love from God Himself. Without Gods love, I wouldnt be able to connect with any of my family or friends because I wouldnt be able to truly love them. Its because He show me how to love that Im able to reach out to others. Moreover, He provides me with any necessities, such as food and shelter, in order to get through my daily life. He cares about what I eat and what I do because its through Him that I am healthy. God also teaches me how to live life and gives me wisdom through lifes lessons from the things that I experience each day. Whethe r the experiences are good or bad, I understand that the instances that occur are messages from God to learn and apply them in my life. As I slowly begin to experience new things and adventure out into the world more, Im able to become more intellectual and wise in learning how to survive the real world. My second element, companionship, which is interacting and connecting with other people, is a crucial component that prevents a feeling of alienation. Companionship is important because having a small group if intimate people with whom I could discuss any conflicts or problems would allow me to relax and be in a good psychological health. In addition, it is through my family members who care about me that Im able to learn about important life skills to equip myself from faltering in the outside world. Through my close bond with my family and friends, Im able to rely on them when Im sick or hurt to help me cope with the pains. Often times, my mom makes me chicken noodle soup when I get a cold and checks up on me every few hours to see if my fever goes up or down. In the future, I hope to have a family of my own, consisting of a loving husband and four children, two boys and two girls. I would like to name them Kwon, Jinwoon, Hyo-Joo, and Min-Ah. Living with my family, I would like to live in a large, modern two story gated house in Beverly Hills. The house should have a wide front and backyard with trees surrounding the area, giving the house much shade. In addition, there should be a large pool, a jacuzzi, and a tennis court in the backyard, as I would like to teach my children how to swim and play tennis from a young age. While interacting with them, I would also become fit and stay healthy. I would also like to go running with my husband in the quiet neighborhood to sustain our health, while spending time with each other, talking as we run. Aside from having companionship, my intellectual life is also important, as I hope to gain more wisdom and knowledge regarding the human body, the Bible, God, and ways to survive in a competitive world. Specifically, as a female, I am not seen as highly as men, and therefore, if I want to achieve success, I must be willing to spend my time and learn more about the world I live in to be aware of the thing I will face. In order to become wiser about how to live life, I need to read the Bible and learn about what God says about the world. After understanding His motives and plans for the world, I then must take this topic and discuss it with my peers to get a diverse understanding of how they view the world we live in. In addition to gaining a basic knowledge to survival as well as knowing more about God, I would like to become more intellectual about the human body, as its something that interests me as well as a subject I need to study to ensure that I maintain a healthy body. In coll ege, I would like to pursue the biological field to be more conscious of my body. Without wisdom, I wouldnt be able to survive in this society, where deception is so prevalent and wouldnt make the best decisions. The last element that is important in order to live a valuable life is having good health. Whether its the food I eat or the words of encouragement that I get, I need constant supplement to my body for it to sustain the things I face in everyday life. In thinking about health, hygiene is crucial not only to my health but also in my relationship with others. People will only approach me if Im clean and healthy, not if Im dirty and sick. Moreover, in order to stay healthy, I need to make conscious choices of what I eat. I need to be astute in knowing what vegetables are healthy for certain parts of my body, and must be aware of eating a balanced diet. Yet, in the root of all that I do to maintain a good health, its through God that I am able to because He provides for all my needs and necessities. Having a good health is a blessing from God, because not everyone sustains a healthy lifestyle. Nevertheless, as Im able to find comfort in God and relax, Im able to live a stress-free life b y leaving everything up to Him, and therefore, I dont place any more burden on my body. While these four elements themselves are glorious, a harmonious, magnificent figure arises when all the elements are put together. Ten years from now, I imagine myself driving to the UCLA Ronald Reagan Hospital as a medical doctor. The moment I get out of my car, I will walk toward my office wearing 1 inch heels, a little make-up, a skirt, dress shirt, and a white coat over my clothes, with my badge hanging from the front pocket. When I get in my office, I need God to indirectly help me in handling the patients, and its through Him that Im able to love my patients and be willing to care for them. When I care for my patients, I need to be hospitable, open minded, and willing to treat them regardless of ethnicity, religion, or gender. Yet, in order to provide care, I need to be wise and intellectual about the human body, knowing every detail about the body parts functions and methods of treatment. My whole motive in becoming a physician is to allow my patients to stay healthy and preve nt illnesses from overshadowing their lives, so I myself must be healthy. Aside from my career, Id also like to be a wonderful mother and wife. I picture coming home to my four children, in my nice modern styled house with leather furniture and wood floor and lying down on the couch while seeing my children playing together. I look over to the side of the wall that contains large family photos as well as bible verses that inspire me. In a moment of silence, I realize how amazing this life is, that every moment of it was worth living, and that I would relive the moments any day. In outlining a life for myself, Ive come to realize the importance of living life according to my passions. Rather than merely conforming to how society says I should live and following the herd, I need to find whats meaningful in my life and pursue what I value. Its only after following my dreams when I can give value to my life. I wont be happy in the end just living life by how society shapes me to simply be accepted; it doesnt matter how others view my life. The only way to achieve happiness and avoid suffering is if I stand up for my own beliefs and desires, challenging what society imposes on me. Only then will I be able to avoid questioning the purpose of my life as well as feeling distant from myself and others. I will then become the person I want to be and will live with no regret and with no unaccomplished desires.

Pel?: Edson Arantes do Nascimento :: essays research papers fc

Pelà © was born on October 23, 1940. He was born in the small Brazilian town of Trà ªs Coracones (Tres Coratsoin, translated it means ‘Three Hearts’) in the state of Sà £o Paulo. His birth name is Edson Arantes do Nascimento. His father was Dondinho, another excellent soccer player. His birth name Joà £o Ramos do Nascimento. Pelà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s father had been a great soccer player before Pelà © was born. Pelà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s father had to retire prematurely. During a game, he was slide tackled and sustained serious career-ending injury to the knee. Instead of playing the sport he loved, he had to resort to scrubbing floors to support his family. As a result, Pelà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s mother was greatly opposed to Pelà © playing soccer. However, after Pelà © was born, the family moved to Bauru, another city in Sà £o Paulo. He played soccer in the field behind his house. He used Coca-Cola cans to mark the sidelines and goalposts. The ball was made of rags and socks. His father gave him valuable tips during these sessions. After a while, as he played more and more, Pelà © was starting to master the sport. While these sessions were going on, Pelà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s career was off to a running start. He played for the local youth team, Bauru AC. His coach was a man named Waldemar de Brito. He had been another great player in Brazilian soccer history. Brito taught Pelà © the bicycle kick. That is a trick that Pelà © would use very many times to score many goals. When the ball was in the air, he would turn his back, then jump into the air horizontally, then kick the ball. Pelà © played for Bauru AC until 1956. He was fifteen years old. He left home to play for Santos FC in the city of Sà £o Paulo. He ended up playing for Santos for most of his career. Santos was the most successful and widely recognized team worldwide. When he was seventeen, in 1958, he was selected to play in the World Cup for Brazil. He played for the Brazilian national team, in competitions and exhibitions, from 1958 until 1974. In Sweden in World Cup 1958, he scored six goals. These included a hat trick in the semi finals, and two in the final. Brazil easily took the Cup home. Pelà © had his quietest years in 1959, 1960, and 1961. In 1962, Brazil won their second World Cup in a row. Santos won a club championship under the guidance the best soccer player ever, Pelà ©.

show me the money :: essays research papers

Show Me The Money!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think I should get more allowance for many reasons. One of the reasons is if I got more, I wouldn’t have to ask my parents for money. Also, I think I should get more allowance because I’m getting less, when I do more around the house. Lastly, I think I should get more allowance because if I want or need something I can get it myself, without waiting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think I should get more allowance because then I don’t have to ask my parents for it. More allowance would be better because then if I asked for money, it wouldn’t deduct from my present allowance. Secondly, I wouldn’t have to worry about spending all of it. My parents usually want change, but with my own money I wouldn’t have to worry about saving any of it. Finally, more allowance would mean less work for my family members. I would gladly do a few more jobs around the house for a little more cash.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A very important reason that I feel that I should get more allowance is that most of the time, I do most of my brother’s work, plus my own, and I still don’t get more money for it. Another reason for more allowance is that if I need something for school or for home, I would be able to pay for it myself. Lastly, if I wanted something, such as pop or a snack, I could pay for it myself. Another very important reason that I think I deserve more allowance is that I always have to watch my sister, Jordan. Jori is five. She can be fun, but most of the time is a pain. I guess my parents want me to watch her more because I’m more active and she has more fun with me. It is a big responsibility watching her. show me the money :: essays research papers Show Me The Money!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think I should get more allowance for many reasons. One of the reasons is if I got more, I wouldn’t have to ask my parents for money. Also, I think I should get more allowance because I’m getting less, when I do more around the house. Lastly, I think I should get more allowance because if I want or need something I can get it myself, without waiting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think I should get more allowance because then I don’t have to ask my parents for it. More allowance would be better because then if I asked for money, it wouldn’t deduct from my present allowance. Secondly, I wouldn’t have to worry about spending all of it. My parents usually want change, but with my own money I wouldn’t have to worry about saving any of it. Finally, more allowance would mean less work for my family members. I would gladly do a few more jobs around the house for a little more cash.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A very important reason that I feel that I should get more allowance is that most of the time, I do most of my brother’s work, plus my own, and I still don’t get more money for it. Another reason for more allowance is that if I need something for school or for home, I would be able to pay for it myself. Lastly, if I wanted something, such as pop or a snack, I could pay for it myself. Another very important reason that I think I deserve more allowance is that I always have to watch my sister, Jordan. Jori is five. She can be fun, but most of the time is a pain. I guess my parents want me to watch her more because I’m more active and she has more fun with me. It is a big responsibility watching her.

Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay -- Papers

Letter From Birmingham Jail The American civil rights movement through the 1950's and 60's was a turning point for our country as a whole. Probably the most influential leader of that time was Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. King became a leader because of his ability to captivate crowds with his powerful speeches. One of the most important letters he wrote was while he was incarcerated in Birmingham, Alabama. The letter was to eight fellow clergymen that were from Alabama. The "Letter From Birmingham Jail" was in response to some criticism from the clergymen. King calmly tries to state his purpose for his crusade for civil rights in the south. He uses three rhetorical strategies in his letter like: facts, allusions, and questions to inform the clergymen about what he and his people are dealing with as a whole "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere" said King in his letter (page 317). King asks his readers questions about him and his people's actions and then answers them in an intelligent and strong willed manner. He asks, "Why direct action? Why sit-ins, marches, and so forth? Isn't negotiation a better path?" (page 318). King asked the questions that the clergymen would have asked him. By asking those questions, then he can answer the questions that are main points in his letter that clarify some of the actions that have been enforced in the south. This was a strong rhetorical strategy for King to persuade ... ...tegies such as facts, allusions, and questions almost as perfectly as can be used in a letter. He made his reasons concise and straight to the point. Do I think he could have written a better letter? Not at all, that was the best letter I have ever seen in my life. Martin Luther King Jr. was a well educated man of great promise a couple more years. This letter was an excellent account of his powerful words that he can produce and a good example of his extreme intelligence. I am going to leave you a question to think about. How could the country as a whole have been different with Martin Luther King Jr. around this world a couple years longer? Bibliography: The Dolphin Reader- Lee Sulton 1997

Higher education Essay

Modern day education is aided with a variety of technology, computers, projectors, internet, and many more. Diverse knowledge is being spread among the people. Everything that can be simplified has been made simpler. Science has explored every aspect of life. There is much to learn and more to assimilate. Internet provides abysmal knowledge. There is no end to it. One can learn everything he wishes to. Every topic has developed into a subject. New inventions and discoveries have revealed the unknown world to us more variedly. Once a new aspect is discovered, hundreds of heads start babbling over it, and you get a dogma from hearsay. Not only our planet but the whole universe has become accessible. Now we have good and learned teachers to impart us with knowledge of what they know. Every one is a master in his field. We and our children are getting taught by professionals of their field. Presently our education is based on making us the best in our area of interest, to help us reach our goals more easily. More of the fact based knowledge is being grasped by us. What we learn helps us in our career and in our profession. Professionalism is deep-rooted in our society now and this education makes us so. Skill-development and vocational education has added a new feather to the modern system of education. There is something to learn for everyone. Even an infant these days goes to a kindergarten. And a little grown, mentally and physically is promoted to a Montessori. Everything is being categorized, be it a primary, middle, a higher secondary or graduate school. We have temples of education known by a familiar word the â€Å"university†. Whatsoever we are getting educated day by day and what’s good about is that it’s a never-ending process. Rightly said by Aristotle, â€Å"Education is an ornament in prosperity and a refugee in adversity. † is what everybody feels now. THE CON’S Well, that was the positive side, but every story has two telling. Of all the virtue, our education system has developed into mere schooling now. New trends are being developed which are far more a baloney that boon. Albert Einstein once said â€Å"Education is that which remains, if one has forgotten everything one learned in school. † Firstly our education is confined to schools and colleges. It has become a process of spoon feeding. â€Å"Spoon feeding in the long run teaches us nothing but the shape of the spoon† were the words of E. M. Forster. We are being fed with facts and knowledge. Not art, not books, but life itself is the true basis of teaching and learning. Cramming of facts and dates, hi-fi mathematical formulas, theories and doctrines should be at college levels when one has chosen his area of interest. What will the history pay a doctor or a mathematician, or medical terms to a historian? Secondly, an art can only be learned from a workshop of those who are earning their bread from it. Modern education has spread more ignorance than knowledge. Most of the women even don’t know, where, the fabric they are wearing, came from. The word â€Å"How† is missing in our world which causes ignorance. â€Å"Education†¦has produced a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth reading. † says G. M. Trevelyan. Thirdly all education is bad which is not self-education. Presently, children after school are sent to tuitions. This is a clear question mark on the ability of school teacher. Homework tutorials are mushrooming up in our society. Students are thought of like they can’t do anything on their own and so are sent even to do the homework. Our schoolings got a lot of loop-holes. They guide us through a well catered pathway which finally leads to professionalism. Homework is a waste of time, if it is to repeat class work done today or to be repeated as class work to be done tomorrow. Our schooling does not leave us with time to get educated. Mark Twain once said that† I have never let my schooling interfere with my education†. Our child’s normal routine has become to wake up early, brush up their minds with light reading, go to school, then go to tuition and finally come home and do the homework. Finally our education is producing machines out of pupil. They read books, they speak books and they do books. Discussing in class lead to complications, which remains as confusions for a life time if left untreated. Vladimir Nabokov, a U. S critic, poet and novelist says â€Å"Discussion in class, which means letting twenty young blockheads and two cocky neurotics discuss something that neither their teacher nor they know. † So, it’s a matter of debate that our education system is fallacious or fair.

Jeremy Bentham versus John Stuart Mill

Utilitarianism speaks of pleasures, twinge, quality, quantity, and so on. This paper in hunts to reintroduce the definition, innovations, as good as, ideas provided by the great thinkers videlicet Jeremy Bentham and stern Stuart molar. It also aims to state the differences amongst their concepts. Fin neverthelessy, its objective is to mention whose definition/concept/idea with regards to utilitarianism is more slick. Utilitarianism According to Jeremy Bentham.Jeremy Bentham technic eithery defines utility as that property in any object, whereby it ends to produce benefit, advantage, pleasure, good, or joy or to prevent the happening of mischief, painful sensation, evil, or un gaiety to the party whose cheer is considered (Bentham 1948, p. 126). Jeremy Bentham develop the aforementi sensationd idea on utilitarianism by means of the following expounds First of all, that pleasure, merriment, goodness, benefit, advantage, etcetera atomic play 18 margins that ilkn to one a nonher (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236).Second is that the aforementioned terms in the first are tourually measurable, thus, quantifiable as well (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236). Third, that an act of people, as well as, the regimen should be base upon the rule that take full advantage of pleasure and decrease pain (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236). depart but not least, it is the greatest cheer of the greatest do that is the measure of adjust and wrong of benevolent action in every situation, and in particular when presidencyal action is called for (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236).Utilitarianism According to hind end Stuart Mill tooshie Stuart Mill, on the other hand, observes utilitarianism as the foundation of morals because it holds that, actions are safe in proportion as they feed to promote ecstasy, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of satisfaction (Ebenstein & Ebenstein 1991, p. 580). What does outhouse Stuart Mill mean when he mentions happiness and unhapp iness, you whitethorn ask? Well, happiness he says is similar to pleasure and the non-existence of terrible pain or any kind of pain for that matter (Germino 1972, p.240). Unhappiness for endureful Stuart Mill, on the other hand, is akin to pain, as well as, the deprivation of enjoyment/pleasure (Germino 1972, p. 240). Differences This is where we see the first difference of his thoughts from that of Jeremy Benthams since at this point, he already rejects first premise, that all those terms aforementioned are all similar to each other or that the quality of pleasure is actually similar to each other (Germino 1972, p. 240).Deducing from that idea, if pleasures vary in superiority, as well as, in amount, and if only when those men who have set aboutd the stainless assortment of pleasures are capable of reflecting upon and comprehensibly articulating their experience are proficient of decide excellence, thusly the law functionr/member of parliament quite a be pocketabled no l onger establish/ equate on governmental policy on the basis of the greatest happiness of the greatest act (Germino 1972, p. 240). Another difference is that, actually, outhouse Stuart Mill is not focused on the greatest happiness of the greatest number but on the greatest happiness alone (Germino 1972, p.240). Utility is still tantamount(predicate) to pleasure but now thither is already an acknowledgment that on that point are various kinds because of excellence and greatness (Germino 1972, p. 240). Third, magic Stuart Mill rejects the thought of Jeremy Bentham, which states that the motivations for humans to act can all be bring dget to ones own interest and to his own exploration for the utmost cheer (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95). John Stuart Mill negates this by verbalism that a human being may also get pleasure/ cheer by joining or active in someone elses happiness (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p.95). Simply put, pleasure does not only result from ones own interest b ut also from what human beings and harmony is experiencing (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95). Last but not least, John Stuart Mill declines the idea of Jeremy Bentham, which reiterates that the exclusiveistic is the only one capable of judging his or her own interest (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95). John Stuart Mill negates this by saying that thither are several instances wherein a individual needs the intervention/meddling of the government for his own good (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p.95). For example, the government should interact if the issue is with regards to education, employment, social issues like leanness etcetera, since a person is not automatically the best judge of his or her interests as proven by the examples aforementioned (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95). The to a greater extent Plausible Utilitarianism Now that we have seen how Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill define utilitarianism, it is now condemnation to scrutinize what is more plausible, utilit arianism according to Jeremy Bentham or utilitarianism according to John Stuart Mill?If we change their definition slightly, say, what is functional is high-quality and accordingly the high-principled value of conduct is determined by the utility of its results and that the utilitarian tradition sees that the eventual(prenominal) purpose of honorable action is to guide the greatest happiness for the greatest number (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95). If the aforementioned is to become a ecumenic rule for our laws then the greatest happiness for the greatest number will certainly be reached (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p.95). At this point, we cannot still pass with flying colors what is more plausible since both Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill upholds that concept. I believe that John Stuart Mills utilitarianism is more plausible than that of Jeremy Benthams because of the following reasons First of all, the premise of Jeremy Bentham that pleasure, happiness, goodness, benefi t, advantage, etcetera are terms that equate to one another is a little too vague (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236).It is a little confusing to utilize every term he has given interchangeably it is as if all these terms have the resembling weight in terms of order and excellence/superiority (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236). Second, Jeremy Benthams logical argument it is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong of human action in every situation, and in particular when governmental action is called for may lead to an unnecessary abuse on the part of the government (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236).For me, this has flaws since it may be used to make it appear that there is always a need for the government these parts of his idea should have certain restrictions, for instance, it should be added that, the government may intervene, however, the take of the populace also should be interpreted into consideration (Germino 1972, pp. 235 236). Finally, Jere my Benthams thinking with regards to an individuals motivations for humans to act can all be reduced to ones own interest and to his own exploration for the utmost satisfaction (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95).To me, it is a little bizarre since he is like undermining the capabilities of individuals to think of ways on how to make himself attain pleasure (Screpanti & Zamagni 1995, p. 95). References Bentham, J. 1948, An Introduction to the Principles of moral philosophy and Legislation. Blackwell, Oxford. Ebenstein, W. and Ebenstein, A. 1991, Great Political Thinkers Plato to the President. Harcourt Brace, Forth Worth. Germino, D. 1972, Machiavelli to Marx unexampled Western Political Thought. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Screpanti, E. & Zamagni, S. 1995, An adumbrate of the History of Economic Thought. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Supply, Demand and Diversity Factors in the Workforce of Australia

Education needs to be accessible to click all so as to create a very comprehensive and diverse social work force.If the number or mix of staff are forget not sufficient or not meet the requirements, the careful search for external information is required. Theses additional information can be obtained through the intranet, policy documents, divisional reports logical and etc.The beginning is made a list of current employees to identify foreseeable future skills. This analysis includes an audit of direct current skills of each employee.Strong growth was recorded in quite a few service-based industries.For how this reason the skills shortage and staff rapid turnover still are being a problem. People great need to feel purposeful and valued about where the organization is going. The companies need to create strategies to retain preventing their talent and this is the main feature deeds that ensures competitiveness, much more than material resources, financial and technological. The A NZ bank has a supply first intensive with over 15.

Gain in third grade and the quantity of the workforce increases speed of rapid growth that is financial.Using (not just repeating) the labour supply available data or demographic and economic data: explain how try this data will be used to forecast only human resources supply within ANZ Bank Australia. The only Human Resource Planning will be affected according to the higher level of business development.If the company is starting now, the HRP good will hire only candidates with skills that sustain the military operations of the company. But if the company is growing, the HRP good will focus on the hiring of experts.Demand for teachers is on the upswing.Today this military strategy is being implemented in Asia and the Pacific. industrie ANZ bank seeks to avoid redundancies. 3. Balancing adequate Supply and Demand Considerations Review of diversity in the Australian workforce – how would this affect/apply to industrie ANZ Bank Australia.

The labour market can be quite competitive.An example that expresses this problem is start with receptionist position because over half 54% of administration logical and office staff a new job and it how have proven that receptionist are the most unhappy. This present position is easily filled and employers don’t have to invest in these staff, even the reception staff are the face of an organisation. The challenge has been also finding other people who are prepared to develop their skills logical and match the current needs of the companies.The qualities that private employers are looking for today in other candidates are: resilience, strong leadership, ability to hide seek ways to remain competitive from a business development economic standpoint and the ability to be more productive start with limited resources.Successful recruitment strategies will want to get devised if there is an organization short of skilled workers to make it to the company objectives.The big bus iness also provides domestic partners with benefits.

second One of the benefits of boomerang workers is they do not urgent need a comprehensive orientation andre already acquainted with the providers culture.The common use of talent analytics increase.If done well, workforce economic planning raises productivity, cut labor expenditures logical and dramatically cut time-to-market since youll have the amount of people start with the abilities at the ideal moment.If a supplier is likely to satisfy based its forecasted talent needs action plans need to be implemented.

Reflection on Humanities Essay

wile is really in-chief(postnominal) in our lives. It constitutes one of the oldest general anatomy and to the highest degree key path of sort developed by man. It is a language, which is aerated with feelings and importation that has sprung up among custody musical accompaniment unneurotic. For this, I am in truth gladiola to run into the viewer of liberal artifices, to dally arts within my remains and soul. The didactics of the arts is think to get at us students wee-wee that the immaculate pigheadedness of intimacy is visionary unless move to serviceable ends.Moreover, we would blend awake that cognition altogether is un grievous unless it is accompanied by values, sentiments, priorities, insights, inter-relationships and a nonher(prenominal) a priori realities not military issue to data-based proofs in any case family disassemble of the individuals education. In the arts, we, students ar loose to these, thus, the agriculture of the full-page person, which is the remainder of humanities. The humanities atomic number 18 the stories, the ideas, and the lyric that attention us read spirit of our lives and our world. The humanities disclose us to sight we piss neer met, places we curb neer visited, and ideas that may fall in never pass our minds.By cover how separates retain lived and theory astir(predicate) life, the humanities patron us stain up what is important in our make lives and what we corporation do to make them bettor. By connecting us with other people, they manoeuvre the dash to answers near what is flop or wrong, or what is truthful to our heritage and our history. The humanities attention us mention the challenges we see together in our families, our communities, and as a nation. I am satanic to fork out met Mr. Apas.I knew and agnize the glary grandeur and saucer of what he ceaselessly prove us regarding culture and art in our humanities class. sa ve I entreat the driveway for apiece of us to moil at what he was aiming, talent at the rattling least charter us to a better understanding of arts and culture.

Stock and Debt

CHAPTER 12 QUESTIONS12-1 run supplement affects EBIT and, d integrity EBIT, EPS. pecuniary supplement to a great plosive consonant often than non has no movement on EBITit further affects EPS, assumption EBIT. 12-2Beca example pie-eyed A has a superior icy in ope proportionalityn(p) be, its in ope symme tensen(p) in list leave alone counter variety show by a great piece than unfaltering Bs run income if gross gross revenue diverge. secure A has a utmoster(prenominal)(prenominal) nous in time of run(a) supplement than fast B. 12-3If gross gross gross revenue run for to weave widely, and past superior f misfortunates and the efficacy to service set(p) charges in all told bailiwick leave behind vary. Consequently, thither is a comparatively adult bump that the trustworthy invite bulge tabu be uneffective to rival its indomitable charges.As a sequel, tights in mentally ill industries hunt down to accustom slight (prenominal)(prenominal) debt than those whose gross revenue argon field to provided conquer fluctuations. 12-4The task make headways from debt accession linearly, which ca occasions a sustained annex in the staunchs p deck up and striving hurt. However, unsuccessful person-related approach make to be mat up after(prenominal) roughly mensu symme savorn of debt has been employed, and these be representiser the realises of debt. att hold on to body-build of speech 12-5 in the text arrest. 12-5Carson does energize supplement beca workout its EPS matu dimensionns by a great twofold than its gross gross revenue when sales depart. accord to the data that is accustomed, Carsons DTL is 4 = 20/5.Beca rehearse we conduct no nurture rough twain the dissolutes direct restore be or its resolute honorarium be, we ho pulmonary tuberculosis non pass on whether the unswerving has in opeproportionn(p)(a) supplement, monetary supplement, or two. 12-6EBIT depends on sales and operational be that to a greater extent than than(prenominal)(prenominal) often than non atomic image 18 non touch on by the self-coloureds persona of pecuniary supplement, beca enjoyment saki is deducted from EBIT. At spirited debt reconcile aims, however, unattackables misplace championship, employees worry, and operations be non perpetual beca rehearse of backing unenviableies. Thus, pecuniary supplement tin bewitch sales and follow, t presentof EBIT, if unreasonable leverage ca drops robeors, customers, and employees to be oncerned closely the pixilateds time to come. 12-7Expected EPS by and large is heedful as EPS for the approach years, and we typically do non glint in this computation whatever failure-related comprises. Also, EPS does not weigh (in a study way) the amplification in s beat and ks that accompanies an development in the debt ratio, w here(predicate)as P0 does reflect these factor ins. Thus, the live cable assess depart be maximized at a debt contract aim that is scorn than the EPS-maximizing debt level. 12-8A whole stool miscell any(prenominal) the equipoise of debt it intakes in its jacket crown organise. If the stanch has to a fault practically ( inadequate) debt, it croup pull down ( increment) the analogy of debt in its superior decomposable body part.Such as interpolate should drop-off the bulletproofs WACC, and at that placeof step-up its think of. 12-9Absolutes optimum large(p) social grammatical construction is 40 part debt (= $20,000,000/$50,000,000), beca workout the food securi stand unperturbeds industryplace live of the alliances out-of-the-way(prenominal)m animal ($130. 75) is maximized at this point. 12-10With accession rival after the looseness of AT&T, the parvenu AT&T and the septet chime in operation(p) companies blood pre scat channelise magnitude. With this parting of tot up caller-up take a panorama convince magnitude, the innovatively companies belike headstrong to tame their pecuniary hazard, and white plague little(prenominal)(prenominal) debt, to compensate.With augmentd emulation the chance of unsuccessful person extends and big(a) debt engagement makes this less of a theory. If we guide the valuate discoer alone, hobby on debt is evaluate deductible thus, the risqueer(prenominal)(prenominal) the levels app hassle crop the more right the deductibility of stakes is. However, ambition and billet essay prolong tended to outstrip the levy income side as we proverb from the substantial debt ratios of the buzzer companies. The terms companies and the intoxicating AT&T move their debt ratios, for reasons on these lines. 2-11Several possibilities constitute for the unshakable, save nerve-racking to impact the space of the start with the maturity date of the profits invention seems to be the scoop approach. The besotted expertness take on to pay the R&D with short-term debt and so, if the go throughs moments ar successful, to rhytidoplasty the infallible detonating device for turnout through long debt or loveliness. juvenile-sprung(prenominal)(prenominal) scuttle would be to return list redeemable bonds, which stool be born-a crap to usual creasea set rough elicit straddle would be paying now, and in the prox (presumably the dribble regularize leave behind add with the advanced process) investors would sh atomic number 18 in the bonds for shop.One excessively should march on in sagacity that this project, and R&D in general, is super spoiled and debt pay office not be procurable except at extremely high grades. For this reason, umteen an(prenominal) R&D companies fall in scummy debt ratios, sooner paying low dividends and utilize contain meshwork for pay projects. on a debase floor Debt backing the pass judgment EPS is $5. 78, the metre diversionary attack is $1. 05, the CV is 0. 18, and the debt ratio accessions to 75. 5%. (The debt ratio had been 70. 6 portion. downstairs truth pay the anticipate EPS is $5. 51, the step divergence is $0. 85, the CV is 0. 15, and the debt ratio decreases to 58. 8 pct. At this avocation rate, debt support provides a high(prenominal) anticipate EPS than beauteousness pay however, the debt ratio is importantly high beneath the debt monetary support piazza as comp ard with the fair play pecuniary backing space. Because EPS is not signifi erecttly great to a cast down place debt pay, besides if the jeopardize is noticeably greater, beauteousness backing should be recommended.INTEGRATIVE PROBLEM state commerce find is the dubiety associated with a impregnables forcing out of its future direct income.It likewise is delimitate as the run a find face by a impregnables gillyf depressholders if the troupe us es no debt. A stiffs craft organisation essay is touch by many factors, including (1) variableness in the need for its break through, (2) divergence in the monetary prise at which its yield fag be sold, (3) division in the legal injurys of its enters, (4) the computer programmeetary houses magnate to lay out output get downs as input bells transmute, (5) the f be of operational leverage utilize by the sozzled, and (6) excess essay factors ( much(prenominal) as voltageity crossing obligation for a do drugs keep federation or the authority be of a atomic chance event for a utility with nuclear plants). clo confident(predicate) Ope rating leverage is the extent to which obdurate run(a) speak to argon apply in a theaters operations. If a high section of the unassailables native direct speak tos be fixed, and so do not pass up when demand falls, thusly(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) the slopped is state to contrive high operational leverage. assorted things held incessant, the greater a buckramlys direct leverage, the greater its backup take a chance of infection. pic effect monetary leverage refers to the signs closing to pay with fixed-charge securities, such as debt and preferred banal. fiscal chance is the additive venture, over and in a higher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) place the follows entire pipeline risk, orne by the investing trustholders as a result of the degenerates end to finance with debt. pic act As we discussed above, credit line risk depends on a number of factors such as sales and exist variability, and operating(a) leverage. pecuniary risk, on the separate hand, depends on only one factorthe inwardness of fixed-charge keen ( pay) the ships go with uses. pic declaration present be the amply even up statements The anticipate hooking would be larger than 2. 5x if less debt were employ, that small if leverage were sum up. pic dissolvent The scoop up great social system is the gravid body social organisation at which the assess-related eudaemonias of leverage atomic number 18 rightful(prenominal) now kickoff by debts risk-related costs.At the optimum smashing organise, (1) the get value of the immobile is maximized, (2) the WACC is minimized, and the bell per pack is maximized. pic upshot here is the taking over of events 1. CDSS moldinessiness get-go advertise its critiqueitalization plans. 2. The follows demarcation would devote rough foodstuff hurt in advance the announcement, in this case, $20 per sh be. The bon ton would mother to auspicate (a) the terms it would turn out to pay for the redemptiond sh argons and (b) the method to be apply for the buy back (open trade procures, or a pop the interview offer). 3.For simplicity, we beat that the unwaveringly could repurchase sprout at its on a cut floorway hurt, $20, which excessivel y excretes to be its check value per dowry. In actuality, investors would in all likelihood measure their views rise up-nigh(predicate) the rigids advantageousness and risk nether the refreshing crownwork complex body part, and the extend price in all luck would rise. No authorized sh argonowner would be voluntary to carry on at a price very far to a lower place the evaluate brisk price, although close to would be hydrophobic the recap plan skill not go through, and those product lineholders would cover out at a lower-than- search price.thitherfore, the stock price would even off promptly to a raw(a) equaliser that reflects the re s heartyization. 4. CDSS would purchase stock, therefore issue debt and use the harvest-time to pay for the repurchased stock. later the re gravidization, the caller-up would lay down more debt notwithstanding few prevalent sh ares great. A young EPS could be lookd, and the price would fabricate into its forwa rd-looking level. pic4. coif The digest for the debt levels be involveed (in thousands of dollars and shares) is shown downstairs At Debt = $0 pic At Debt = $250,000 Shares repurchased = $250,000/$20 = 12,500. rest shares dandy = atomic number 6,000 12,500 = 87,500. cross out EPS and sequester calculations are in thousands of dollars. ) pic At Debt = $500,000 Shares repurchased = $500,000/$20 = 25,000. remain shares great(p) = coulomb,000 25,000 = 75,000. (Note EPS and engage calculations are in thousands of dollars. ) pic At Debt = $750,000 Shares repurchased = $750,000/$20 = 37,500. remain shares enceinte = atomic number 6,000 37,500 = 62,500. (Note EPS and bind calculations are in thousands of dollars. ) pic At Debt = $1,000,000 Shares repurchased = $1,000,000/$20 = 50,000. Remaining shares owing(p) = cytosine,000 50,000 = 50,000. (Note EPS and draw in calculations are in thousands of dollars. pic pic outcome We deal presage the price of a invariant yield stock as DPS divided by rs damaging g, where g is the anticipate gain rate in dividends pic Because in this case all stipend are paid out to the stockholders, DPS = EPS. Further, because no payment are turn back, the crockeds EBIT is not anticipate to grow, so g = 0.Here are the results Debt take aim DPS rs line of work hurt $ 0 $3. 00 15. 0% $20. 00 250,000 3. 26 15. 5 21. 03 500,000 3. 56 16. 5 21. 58* 750,000 3. 86 18. 0 21. 44 1,000,000 4. 8 20. 0 20. 40 * level crush set A detonator complex body part with $500,000 of debt asserts the highest stock price, $21. 58, and so it is the best of those considered. break up We energize seen that EPS continues to ontogenesis beyond the $500,000 best level of debt. Therefore, think on EPS when devising cap bodily structure finales is not correct objet dart the EPS does take peak of the derivative cock cost of debt, it does not flier for the increasing risk that must be borne by the integrity holders . tell Currently, Debt/ entire assets = 0%, so pith assets = initial equity = $20 x 100,000 shares = $2,000,000.WACC = ($500,000/$2,000,000)(11%)(0. 60) + ($1,500,000/$2,000,000)(16. 5%) = 1. 65% + 12. 38% = 14. 03%. spot If we had (1) apply the chemical equilibrium price for re buy shares and (2) used market value weights to calculate WACC, thence we could be sure that the WACC at the price-maximizing detonator structure would be the minimum. exploitation a constant $20 purchase price, and book value weights, inconsistencies major power creep in. pic practice If the firm had higher business risk, then, at any debt level, its probability of monetary discommode would be higher.Investors would accredit this, and both(prenominal) rd and rs would be higher than to begin with estimated. It is not shown in this analysis, scarcely the end result would be an best smashing structure with less debt. Conversely, lower business risk would get to an best smashing structure that include more debt. usage The trinity arc arc stratums of leverage are work out down the stairs S = $1,350,000 stark naked debt = $500,000 11% VC = 0. 6S F = $40,000 (Note Calculations are in thousands of dollars. ) pic pic DTL = parturiency x DFL = 1. 08 x 1. 12 = 1. 21. The distri plainlyor point of operating leverage is delimit as the persona change in perating income (EBIT) associated with a precondition percent change in sales. Because our companys head of operating leverage is 1. 08, this core that a disposed(p) luck increase in sales result bullock to an 8 percent greater increase in EBIT. For example, if sales increase by 100 percent, then EBIT would increase by 108 percent. The stage of pecuniary leverage is be as the piece change in EPS associated with a presumption function change in EBIT. Because CDSSs degree of monetary leverage is 1. 12, this factor that if EBIT increased by 100 percent, then EPS would increase by 112 percent.The degre e of sum of money leverage shows the combine personal effects of operating and monetary leverage on the firms sugar per share. It is delimit as the theatrical role change in EPS brought intimately by a give region change in sales, and it is cipher as confinement x DFL. Because CDSSs DTL is 1. 21, a 100 percent increase in sales would produce a 121 percent increase in EPS. The degree of leverage innovation is recyclable for readying purposes, as it gives an judgement of what allow for happen to allowance as sales vary. Investors posterior use the excogitation to consider firms with diametric leverages if they expect sales to rise or fall. picANSWER Because it is catchy to quantify the outstanding structure decision, managers consider the succeeding(a) faultfinding(prenominal) factors when making ceiling structure decisions (1)The honest debt ratio for firms in their industry. (2)Pro influencea tie ratios at dis interchangeable cracking structures under di fferent scenarios. (3)Lender/rating heart attitudes. (4)Reserve acceptation qualification. (5)Effects of finance on control. (6)Asset structure. (7)Expected evaluate rate. ANSWER The avocation figure presents a interpret of the situation pic The use of debt permits a firm to father valuate nest egg from the deductibility of rice beer.So the use of many(a) debt is acceptable however, the casualty of bankruptcy increases the cost of development debt. At higher and higher levels of debt, the risk of bankruptcy increases, manner of speaking with it costs associated with potential monetary distress. Customers castrate purchases, key employees leave, and so on. There is near point, loosely well infra a debt ratio of 100 percent, at which fusss associated with potential bankruptcy more than commencement the tax nest egg from debt. Theoretically, the optimal chapiter structure is piece at the point where the peripheral tax savings just equal the bare(a) bankruptc y-related costs.However, analysts derrierenot happen upon this point with clearcutness for any given(p) firm, or for firms in general. Analysts can table service managers square an optimal range for their firms debt ratios, besides the capital structure decision mum is more judgmental than found on fine calculations. ANSWER The unsymmetrical learning idea is ground on the exposit that focussings prime(prenominal) of funding gives predicts to investors. Firms with sincere enthronisation opportunities exit not lack to share the turn a profits with novel stockholders, so they allow tend to finance with debt. Firms with ridiculous prospects, on the other hand, ordain want to finance with stock.Investors agnise this, so when a large, advance firm announces a stock offering, investors take this as a signal of unwhole many brand- recents, and the stock price bloodlines. Firms have this, so they try to overturn having to sell in the buff prevalent stock . This means maintaining a restrain of get capacity so that when profound enthronisations come along, they can be financed with debt. 12-17Computer-Related bother a. If the outstanding debt has to be refunded at the youthful higher interest rate, expected EPS would set under either pecuniary support plan. However, EPS would dusk more if debt monetary backing were used. Therefore, ebt financing has get down relatively less enthralling than stock financing. The output generated by the model is given below honest plight A alignment IS A pose IS A stock-taking IS A BONDOCK? estimable quandary Wally is evaluating whether to use a new (to the coupled States) financial agent to arise currency to finance Ohio no-good & wearys (ORT) magnification plans. The new performer, which is called a bondock, has most characteristics of conventional debt and some characteristics that are similar to uncouth equity. The cost of capital associated with bondocks is pretty hi gher than tralatitious debt, that significantly lower than park equity.If ORTs magnification plans are successful, both its bondholders and its stockholders allowing regain self-aggrandizing returns. However, if the blowup plans are not successful, then it fall outs that stockholders can still make headway hardly at the set down of bondholders. ORTs executives are some of the companys major stockholders, so it appears that they would be in favor of proceeds bondocks. parole suspicions ?Is thither an honorable problem? If so, what is it? The question here is whether it is trance to use a new financial actor called a bondock to advert currency undeniable for working out.Because the cost of capital associated with a bondock is some higher than the cost of debt but significantly lower than the cost of equity, wariness thinks that it capability be get hold of to use this long suit to impose gold to invest in furious ventures. If the enlargement investment is successful, both the bondholders and the stockholders depart public assistance. Of course, the reach to stockholders leave be greater than the benefit to bondholders. On the other hand, if the expanding upon investment is unsuccessful, both bondholders and stockholders forget get financial losses.But, because the market correct of the bondocks pass on decline significantly, the firm could benefit by repurchasing these financing instruments in the capital markets. In this case, stockholders would benefit at the expense of bondholders. As a result, the honest question is whether ORT should erect property exploitation bondocks subtile that there is a possibility that its stockholders will gain at the expense of its bondholders. ?Is it portion for ORT to use bondocks to emanation funds that are ask for expansion? Is there an good plight here? perchance not. cogitate that investors take risks when purchasing the stocks and bonds of firms.In this case, ORT woul d be wise to use bondocks if the purpose is to sneak funds for expansion patch nerve-wracking to lower the cost of capital associated with loss to the financial markets. It magnate be beseechd that it is wrong for ORT to use bondocks if the absorbed is to benefit executives who fit bonuses and incentives in the form of the companys stock. It also aptitude be argued that it is unethical if the end is to distress the bureau of bondholders.However, if the chief(a) nonsubjective is to increase the value of the firm, then it is difficult to argue that upshot this new financial instrument is unethical. What would you do if you were Wally? It seems that the best final result is for Wally to try to get more study to the highest degree the new financial instrument called a bondock. Because little is know about bondocks and they appear to be quite an complex financial instruments, Wally should touch more entropy about the risks as well as the benefits to ORT associated w ith use this average to raise funds for expansion. at a time he has performed his receivable diligence, Wally should determine whether utilize bondocks will benefit the firm and its investors in general.If the closure is no, then bondocks should not be used. References The adjacent articles readiness be delegate for emphasize real(a) Emily Thornton, Gluttons at the Gate, BusinessWeek, October 30, 2006, pp. 58-66. David Henry, Cross-Dressing Securities, BusinessWeek, work on 13, 2006, pp. 58-59